Book
Русский язык: Тетрадь для диагностики и самооценки универсальных учебных действий; 1 класс
The manual contains tasks that make it possible to diagnose the formation of class 1 students in both substantive, communicative, regulatory and cognitive universal educational activities. Particular attention is paid to tasks aimed at building self-esteem. The methodological materials given at the end of the publication give a general description of the content and form of tasks, as well as recommendations for interpreting and using the results.
In this article we report some new experiments in the area of words clustering for the Russian language. We introduce a new clustering method that distributes words into classes according to their syntactic relations. We used a large untagged corpus (about 7,2 bln of words) to collect a set of such relations. The corpus was processed using a set of finite state automata that extracts syntactically dependent combinations having explicit structure. These automata were used to process only unambiguous text fragments because of combination of these techniques increases the quality of sampled input data. The modification of group average agglomerative clustering was used to separate words between clusters. The sampled set of clusters was tested using one of the semantic dictionaries of the Russian language. The NMI score calculated in this article is equal to 0.457 and F1-score is 0.607.
«Bankruptcy» Concept Within the Legal Linguistics Coordinates: Russian–English–French Approximations
The article addresses the notion of bankruptcy as perceived by speakers of current Russian, English and French languages both lawyers and participants in professional communication from other trades. Semantic structure of the term is identified based on its lexicographic and regulatory definitions.
The problem of automatic image recognition based on the minimum information discrimination principle is formulated and solved. Discrimination calculation in the Kullback–Leibler information metric based on colour histograms comparison is proposed. It’s combined with a method of directed enumeration of the set of alternatives as opposed to the method of complete enumeration of competing hypotheses. Results of an experimental study of the discrimination in the problem of face images recognition are presented. It is shown that the proposed algorithm is characterized by increased accuracy and reliability of automatic image recognition.
These proceedings include papers on subjects from a wide number of areas including theoretical linguistics, translation, computational linguistics, natural language processing, and applied linguistics, focusing on a variety of languages, ranging from familiar Indo-European languages to Mandarin Chinese, Wolof, and Dene Sųɬiné. In order to make the papers available to the wider research community, these proceedings are being published electronically and distributed freely at http://www.meaningtext.net
Pleonastic Constructions In English Legal Texts
Quite a number of English legal texts, featuring largely contract law, provide linguistic evidence of both terminology, and/or commonly used vocabulary, with semantically identical or related meaning used at a time within the same text sequences. Such constructions appear challenging for taxonomic classification by linguists and lawyers alike. An analysis of examples allows for attributing such usage samples to pleonastic constructions typical for the legal language.
This paper deals with the Semantics/Pragmatics distinction in a contrastive ethnolinguistic aspect. I argue for the validity of this distinction based on cross-linguistic data. My claim is that the specificity of the so-called language key words [Wierzbicka 1990:15-17] - linguospecific items particularly representative of a given language speakersђ mentality - is due to pragmatic rather than semantic peculiarities. These pragmatic peculiarities distinguish the key words both from their synonyms within the same language and their counterparts in other languages. The languages under discussion are Russian and English, analyzed within a combined frame of Integral Language Description model [Apresjan 1995:8-238] and Wierzbickaђs ethnolinguistic approach.
Institutions affect investment decisions, including investments in human capital. Hence institutions are relevant for the allocation of talent. Good market-supporting institutions attract talent to productive value-creating activities, whereas poor ones raise the appeal of rent-seeking. We propose a theoretical model that predicts that more talented individuals are particularly sensitive in their career choices to the quality of institutions, and test these predictions on a sample of around 95 countries of the world. We find a strong positive association between the quality of institutions and graduation of college and university students in science, and an even stronger negative correlation with graduation in law. Our findings are robust to various specifications of empirical models, including smaller samples of former colonies and transition countries. The quality of human capital makes the distinction between educational choices under strong and weak institutions particularly sharp. We show that the allocation of talent is an important link between institutions and growth.