Book
Emerging Trends in Information Systems: Recent Innovations, Result and Experiences
This book presents and discusses the most recent innovations, trends, results, experiences and concerns with regard to information systems. Individual chapters focus on IT for facility management, process management and applications, corporate information systems, design and manufacturing automation. The book includes new findings on software engineering, industrial internet, engineering cloud and advance BPM methods. It presents the latest research on intelligent information systems, computational intelligence methods in Information Systems and new trends in Business Process Management, making it a valuable resource for both researchers and practitioners looking to expand their information systems expertise.
The companies that are IT-industry leaders perform from several tens to several hundreds of projects simultaneously. The main problem is to decide whether the project is acceptable to the current strategic goals and resource limits of a company or not. This leads firms to an issue of a project portfolio selection; therefore, the challenge is to choose the subset of all projects which satisfy the strategic objectives of a company in the best way. In this present article we propose the multi-objective mathematical model of the project portfolio selection problem, defined on the fuzzy trapezoidal numbers. We provide an overview of methods for solving this problem, which are a branch and bound approach, an adaptive parameter variation scheme based on the epsilon-constraint method, ant colony optimization method and genetic algorithm. After analysis, we choose ant colony optimization method and SPEA II method, which is a modification of a genetic algorithm. We describe the implementation of these methods applied to the project portfolio selection problem. The ant colony optimization is based on the max min ant system with one pheromone structure and one ant colony. Three modification of our SPEA II implementation were considered. The first adaptation uses the binary tournament selection, while the second requires the rank selection method. The last one is based on another variant of generating initial population. The part of the population is generated by a non-random manner on the basis of solving a one-criterion optimization problem. This fact makes the population more strongly than an initial population, which is generated completely by random.
Today the demand is growing for information security experts capable of analyzing problems and making decisions in business situations that involve risk or uncertainty. These skills can be acquired through systematic studying of various information security incidents. In this paper we propose a framework of methods, tools and taxonomies for analysis of case studies in information security field. Our framework allows to study every situation in a formal rather than ad-hoc way, and apply a wide range of threat modeling, risk analysis and project management techniques under lifelike conditions. We illustrate it by providing two case studies based on real situations: a conflict between a free email service provider and a commercial bank, and an attack on a famous security company by a powerful hacktivist group . The first situation is related the risks of using cloud services, while the second highlights the importance of applying secure code principles for in-house software development. Although the cases are seemingly different, we demonstrate that they can be analyzed with similar tools.
Software development process nowadays faces many challenges and risks. In order to manage risks we need to understand the scope and objectives of the software developments and use the appropriate automated risk management tool. The study addresses software risk management in software development area and an approach to analysis, structuring, and evaluating risk with the help of specialized automated tools. The author provides recommendations on how to define a set of selection criteria for automated tools and analyses the growing demand for service hosting solutions and web-applications, stressing that almost any software including risk management tools can be successfully run using this method.
The paper describes the principles of economic efficiency of the ATP with a decision support system. The proposed approach allows the analysis and planning of the production program for the production of motor transport.
In 2013, the InternationalConference on Advance Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE) is turning 25. Started in 1989, in these years, the conference has provided a broad forum for researchers working in the area of Information Systems Engineering. To reflect on the work done so far and to examine perspectives of future work, the CAiSE Steering Committee decided to collect a selection of papers published in the conference proceedings in these years and to ask their authors, well-known researchers in the area, to comment on their work and how it developed during the years. CAiSE Proceedings have been published by Springer in the Lecture Notes in Computer Science Series (LNCS) since 1990.
The book provides an overview on the conference from different points of view: a historical analysis on how it developed and its goals over the years, a social network analysis of the positioning of CAiSE in the research community, and future perspectives for the conference in an evolving world.
Implementation of enterprise information management systems is still a challenging task for any organization. One of the key challenges within implementation projects is analysis of business requirements and determination of required system capabilities. Traditionally this challenge is overcome by gathering a team of experienced specialists but we would like to propose an alternate solution: using the ontology based knowledge management system to determine the necessary functionality and configuration of the enterprise information management system based on the user requirements. In this paper we describe the approach for representation of user requirements for such systems as business processes based on the ideas from The Ontology for Linking Processes and IT infrastructure (OLPIT).
Information systems have been developed in parallel with computer science, although information systems have roots in different disciplines including mathematics, engineering, and cybernetics. Research in information systems is by nature very interdisciplinary. As it is evidenced by the chapters in this book, dynamics of information systems has several diverse applications. The book presents the state-of-the-art work on theory and practice relevant to the dynamics of information systems. First, the book covers algorithmic approaches to numerical computations with infinite and infinitesimal numbers. Also the book presents important problems arising in service-oriented systems, such as dynamic composition, analysis of modern service-oriented information systems, and estimation of customer service times on a rail network from GPS data. After that, the book addresses the complexity of the problems arising in stochastic and distributed systems. In addition, the book discusses modulating communication for improving multi-agent learning convergence. Network issues, in particular minimum risk maximum clique problems, vulnerability of sensor networks, influence diffusion, community detection, and link prediction in social network analysis, as well as a comparative analysis of algorithms for transmission network expansion planning are described in subsequent chapters. We thank all the authors and anonymous referees for their advice and expertise in providing valuable contributions, which improved the quality of this book. Furthermore, we want to thank Springer for helping us to produce this book.
In this paper CASE-technology METAS intended for development of distributed dynamically adaptable information systems is presented. This technology is based on interpretation of the multilevel models describing information system and its domain from the various points of view and at different levels of abstraction. New models expanding functionality of information system can be developed on the basis of existing models.
Informational systems for supply chain planning - APS (Advanced Planning Systems) are functional extensions of the ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) for executing integrated supply chain planning. The article surveys functional modules of such APS system as SAP APO (Advanced Planner and Optimizer).
A model for organizing cargo transportation between two node stations connected by a railway line which contains a certain number of intermediate stations is considered. The movement of cargo is in one direction. Such a situation may occur, for example, if one of the node stations is located in a region which produce raw material for manufacturing industry located in another region, and there is another node station. The organization of freight traffic is performed by means of a number of technologies. These technologies determine the rules for taking on cargo at the initial node station, the rules of interaction between neighboring stations, as well as the rule of distribution of cargo to the final node stations. The process of cargo transportation is followed by the set rule of control. For such a model, one must determine possible modes of cargo transportation and describe their properties. This model is described by a finite-dimensional system of differential equations with nonlocal linear restrictions. The class of the solution satisfying nonlocal linear restrictions is extremely narrow. It results in the need for the “correct” extension of solutions of a system of differential equations to a class of quasi-solutions having the distinctive feature of gaps in a countable number of points. It was possible numerically using the Runge–Kutta method of the fourth order to build these quasi-solutions and determine their rate of growth. Let us note that in the technical plan the main complexity consisted in obtaining quasi-solutions satisfying the nonlocal linear restrictions. Furthermore, we investigated the dependence of quasi-solutions and, in particular, sizes of gaps (jumps) of solutions on a number of parameters of the model characterizing a rule of control, technologies for transportation of cargo and intensity of giving of cargo on a node station.
Event logs collected by modern information and technical systems usually contain enough data for automated process models discovery. A variety of algorithms was developed for process models discovery, conformance checking, log to model alignment, comparison of process models, etc., nevertheless a quick analysis of ad-hoc selected parts of a journal still have not get a full-fledged implementation. This paper describes an ROLAP-based method of multidimensional event logs storage for process mining. The result of the analysis of the journal is visualized as directed graph representing the union of all possible event sequences, ranked by their occurrence probability. Our implementation allows the analyst to discover process models for sublogs defined by ad-hoc selection of criteria and value of occurrence probability
The geographic information system (GIS) is based on the first and only Russian Imperial Census of 1897 and the First All-Union Census of the Soviet Union of 1926. The GIS features vector data (shapefiles) of allprovinces of the two states. For the 1897 census, there is information about linguistic, religious, and social estate groups. The part based on the 1926 census features nationality. Both shapefiles include information on gender, rural and urban population. The GIS allows for producing any necessary maps for individual studies of the period which require the administrative boundaries and demographic information.
Existing approaches suggest that IT strategy should be a reflection of business strategy. However, actually organisations do not often follow business strategy even if it is formally declared. In these conditions, IT strategy can be viewed not as a plan, but as an organisational shared view on the role of information systems. This approach generally reflects only a top-down perspective of IT strategy. So, it can be supplemented by a strategic behaviour pattern (i.e., more or less standard response to a changes that is formed as result of previous experience) to implement bottom-up approach. Two components that can help to establish effective reaction regarding new initiatives in IT are proposed here: model of IT-related decision making, and efficiency measurement metric to estimate maturity of business processes and appropriate IT. Usage of proposed tools is demonstrated in practical cases.
The manual is intended for students of Department of computer engineering MIEM HSE. In the textbook based on the courses "Economics of firm" and "the development strategy of the organization." Discusses the key conceptual and methodological issues of the theory and practice of Economics and development planning of the organization. The use of textbooks will enable students: to analyze key performance indicators, and use the tools of strategic analysis with reference to concrete situations in contemporary Russian and international business. Special attention is paid to the methods and systems of information support of the life support functions of business organizations and management methodology of innovation and investment. An Appendix contains source data for analysis of competition in a particular industry.
The paper provides a number of proposed draft operational guidelines for technology measurement and includes a number of tentative technology definitions to be used for statistical purposes, principles for identification and classification of potentially growing technology areas, suggestions on the survey strategies and indicators. These are the key components of an internationally harmonized framework for collecting and interpreting technology data that would need to be further developed through a broader consultation process. A summary of definitions of technology already available in OECD manuals and the stocktaking results are provided in the Annex section.
Over the last two decades national policy makers drew special attention to the implementation of policy tools which foster international cooperation in the fields of science, technology, and innovation. In this paper, we look at cases of Russian-German collaboration to examine the initiatives of the Russian government aimed at stimulating the innovation activity of domestic corporations and small and medium enterprises. The data derived from the interviews with companies’ leaders show positive effects of bilateral innovative projects on the overall business performance alongside with major barriers hindering international cooperation. To overcome these barriers we provide specific suggestions relevant to the recently developed Russian Innovation Strategy 2020.