Book
Коммуникация в современном поликультурном мире: прагматика лингвистического знака
The principles of ethnic and religious self-identification, acting as the basic bases of self-identification of today's youth are explored in the article. If for a considerable part of the population of Russia the ethnic principle of self-identification is a key principle, then for the migrant people from Muslim regions such key principle is confessional one. Various principles of self-identification define a various vision of the world, which inevitably complicates communication and formation of a unified national identity. Moreover, the non-Muslim youth treats a position of the Muslim through a prism of an ethnic factor and not from the standpoint of confessional self-determination, which leads to the encapsulation of Muslim communities, mutual alienation of Muslims and non-Muslims in Russia.
To diagnose the logic of development and transformation of the principles of self-identification in the Russian youth environment the author conducted the research implemented in parallel in groups of bachelors of the first year of training and in groups of masters of the first year of training. The research included a series of stages, being limited to the scope of the article, the author highlights the first phase of the research devoted to the analysis of cognitive aspect of ethnicity through a closed questionnaire for recipients. The subsequent phases of the research are planned to diagnose affective aspects of ethnicity, and then the research will undergo religious principles of self-identification (in the same way). As the final stage of diagnostics there is a free associative experiment urged to verify the data obtained through the prism of a language picture of the world of participants.
The research was conducted in a number of universities in Moscow, the participants were selected by the method of continuous sampling on a voluntary basis. The nature of the selection of participants was defined by aspiration to localize an objective ethnoreligious structure of modern student’s groups. Parallel implementation of the research in groups of bachelors and masters allows to track the dynamics of self-identification bases under the influence of joint activities and common interests.
It is stated in the article that the use of techniques of the lexical approach in a university foreign language course, in particular, an English for Academic Purposes course, contributes to the development of lexical competence. As lexical competence is an integral part of linguistic and, therefore, communicative competence, it constitutes one of the criteria in international examinations, and it is necessary to master it to effectively function in academic settings. The principles and techniques within the approach are outlined, examples from authored textbooks are provided. The activities include tasks on the recognition and use of collocations, synonyms and antonyms, discourse markers, and also word formation. In addition, some techniques which allow teachers to implement the lexical approach with existing materials or encourage learners to work autonomously are suggested. It is concluded, that when the lexical approach is implemented alongside with other approaches and methodologies it gives a teacher instruments to enrich students' language repertoire alongside with providing students with strategies of autonomous work and lexical items for functioning in academic contexts.
The article offers a comparative analysis of teaching and learning of Basic course in Arabic language within "Oriental and African studies” Academic Bachelor Programme in the National Research University "Higher School of Economics" with the use of learning information environment (Learning Management System, LMS) as a remote support of discipline and without its use.
LMS is a dynamic learning management system used in the Blended Learning Programmes (combining face-to-face training with remote support of the disciplines). Accumulated results of the use of LMS for the period of two years in teaching of the course allowed the author to make an informed conclusion that a blended form of teaching Arabic language at the University is more effective compared to the traditional form, which is confirmed by the analysis of the course general and aspectisized results with statistical data, as cited in the article. The author describes the benefits of using an LMS from the point of view of the possibilities for differentiated flexible assessment system, as well as increase in self-discipline and development of self-management skills of students, efficiency and effectiveness of feedback in the course of "teacher-student" interactions when performing tasks for self-training, development, motivation of students studying in the discipline, enhanced coordination of the development of educational material and the objectivity of the assessment results in the simultaneous teaching of the discipline in several groups with different teachers, personalization of learning, etc. The article also highlights the constraints of organizational and methodological nature that accompany the introduction of LMS into the learning process, and identifies issues that require discussion in the scientific community and their subsequent solutions.
Communication
The article is devoted to the analysis of the deep structures of communication, hidden from direct perception, but defining the main features of any communication. Currently, to refer to this structure, the concept of information and communication universum is used. The article shows the formation of this category, and the prospects for its use for the study of complex communicative processes.
The article presents the author’s reflection on the topic of scientific communication and forms of presentation of scientific results in the form of journal publications. As a starting point for reflection served the meeting that took place on March 28, 2019 held by the editor-in-chief of the journal "Russian Journal of Philosophical Sciences" Khachatur Marinosyan with new researchers. The event was mainly devoted to the structure of the representation of modern knowledge, a crucial role in which is continued to be played by a scientific journal, that should be considered as a special phenomenon of intellectual culture. Consideration of the work of the journal institution, both during the meeting and in the framework of the narrative of this article is based on the communicative perspective. In addition to the main topics of scientific communication some relevant to the institutional functioning of knowledge topics were also considered and discussed: ageism, interdisciplinarity, transmedia, formalization of knowledge, international unification and formal indexation of journals. The meeting, which format was unusual for contemporary Russian science, aroused the interest of the professional community. A partner in its organization was the Social Philosophy Department of the Institute of Philosophy of Russian Academy of Sciences. The relevance and just-in-time character of the "dialogical" approach to the functioning of science is evidenced by the participants, beginning scientists from Lomonosov Moscow State University, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, also joined by independent researchers who do not have an institutional position in academic institutions, but are engaged in research activities. The most important result of the meeting was the thesis about the possibility and necessity of thematic updating of humanitarian and, in particular, philosophical knowledge by the forces of beginning but promising authors, to which the editorial Board should be ready if it wants to maintain journal’s leading status and keep up with the times.
The author talks about the state in the context of globalization, about the features it should have in order to confront the current challenges. As a result of globalization processes, according to many researchers, the role of the state has become increasingly contested both within the state and at the international level. States are forced to develop in a more open and interdependent world, as a result they are going through a fundamental transformation of the underlying rationality. At the same time, the state in the realities of the global system is becoming one of the main tools to adapt society to the new conditions. In order to fulfill its role effectively, the government must meet the latest requirements and possess certain characteristics. The author offers a definition of the state: the state — a condition of social communication, constructed and institutionalizing at a certain stage of development of society, characterized by unity of the public authorities and the people, united by the law and territory. From this definition shows the following constitutive features of the state: social communication, institutionalization, the unity of the public authorities and the people, law and territory. The author provides an analysis of each of these features, puts attention to the great role of the legal and spiritual communication as a link between the foundations of society and the state.
The article contains the results of consumer attitude study to the automation of communication in the telecommunications market. Four options of interaction between consumer and the company are discovered. The zero hypothesis that consumers are not satisfied with the practice of introduction of answering machines is formed and based on the study results is confirmed. The percentage of the consumer's problem successful solution by the currently existing communication system is determined. The readiness of the target market to communicate its proposals to the company is highlighted, and convenient channels of interaction are identified. The results of the study can be used by Russian telecommunications companies.
The paper is focused on the study of reaction of italian literature critics on the publication of the Boris Pasternak's novel "Doctor Jivago". The analysys of the book ""Doctor Jivago", Pasternak, 1958, Italy" (published in Russian language in "Reka vremen", 2012, in Moscow) is given. The papers of italian writers, critics and historians of literature, who reacted immediately upon the publication of the novel (A. Moravia, I. Calvino, F.Fortini, C. Cassola, C. Salinari ecc.) are studied and analised.
In the article the patterns of the realization of emotional utterances in dialogic and monologic speech are described. The author pays special attention to the characteristic features of the speech of a speaker feeling psychic tension and to the compositional-pragmatic peculiarities of dialogic and monologic text.