Цифровые формы занятости на российском рынке труда. Часть II: платформенная занятость

Мониторинг общественного мнения: Экономические и социальные перемены. 2025. № 1. С. 107–129.

Kapeliushnikov R., Zinchenko D.

The paper analyzes digital forms of employment in the Russian labor market. The second part of the study examines platform employment which in recent years gained wide­spread adoption in the labor markets of most of the world (first part: Kapeliushnikov R. I., Zinchenko D. I. (2024) Digital Forms of Employ­ment in the Russian LaborMarket. Part I. Dis­tant Employment. Monitoring of Public Opinion: Economic and Social Changes. No. 6. P. 157–181. https://doi.org/10.14515/monitor­ing.2024.6.2654). The authors consider the definitions of platform work developed by in­ternational statistical organizations, the meth­odology of its measurement, and estimates of its level in different countries. Despite the exist­ence of conventional definitions for this form of atypical employment, there is enormous varia­bility in its quantitative estimates. The sources of these discrepancies are discussed in detail. On the Russian labor market, platform employ­ment also experienced a rapid growth in the 2020s. The paper provides empirical analy­sis of its scale, dynamics, and socio­demo­graphic profile using microdata of the Rosstat Labor Force Survey for 2022–2023. A com­parison of the Russian experience with the in­ternational one shows that in Russia the prev­alence of platform employment is higher than in most developed countries reaching a level of 4%. However, in the period under considera­tion, it demonstrated a strong downward trend. The structure of platform employment is high­ly polarized, including, on the one hand, high­skilled workers (freelancers), but, on the other, unskilled ones (delivery couriers, taxi drivers). The results obtained provide no grounds to ex­pect that digital forms of employment could soon displace standard employment.

Keywords: рынок труда, labour market, цифровизация, digitalisation, platform employment, labour force surveys, обследования рабочей силы, платформенная занятость

Publication based on the results of: Russian labour market: long-term trends and short-term adaptations (2025)