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ПОДЧИНЕНИЕ В НЕСТАНДАРТНОМ КОНТЕКСТЕ: НЕСТАНДАРТНЫЕ ПОДЧИНИТЕЛЬНЫЕ КОНСТРУКЦИИ И ИХ СИНТАКСИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА
The article focuses on nonstandard subordinate constructions like I know what my father thinks — I should learn to cook. In these context, the second clause semantically
fills a valency slot of some head (in this case, the verb thinks), but its syntactic properties are not canonically subordinate. This happens when the form of the clause does not correspond to the argument structure of the head, when the subordinate clause is not in the
same clause as the alleged head and/or if the second clause does not contain any subordination markers. In the article, it is demonstrated that, though the constructions under
analysis differ in their functions and internal organization, they have many common features that distinguish them from standard subordinate constructions. For instance, many
of them occur in several variants, some of which are closer to standard subordination and
some are distinct from it. Besides this, the precise properties of the constructions depend
on semantic and discourse parameters: for example, whether the subject is co-referent to
the speaker and whether deictic interpretation is possible. Importantly, some fundamental
differences between nonstandard and standard subordinate constructions (such as almost
entire impossibility of negation and of subject omission in the second clause) are not reducible to the functions and properties of one individual construction. We rather deal
with a general tendency: in the absence of subordinate markers the communicative
status of the second part increases and it tends to become a separate assertion. At the
same time, there are some differences between constructions: for example, only some of
them allow relative tense interpretation. These differences show that some syntactic
properties depend on the strength of syntactic link between the two clauses, which is different for each of constructions.