Уровень цифровых навыков занятых россиян: ключевые детерминанты

Экономическая политика. 2023. Т. 18. № 6. С. 6–33.

Demyanova A., Pokrovskii S.

Digitalization has made the role of the population’s ICT skills more important in all areas life, and the labor market is no exception. An important area of influence of digitalization is the growing demand for digital skills in various occupations. Much attention has recently been devoted to de- veloping digital skills among Russia’s workers. The purpose of this article is to determine how the characteristics of those employed contribute to the formation of various groups of digital skills. This information is necessary for the development of public policy. Because workers require different ICT skills, several indicators of digital skills were studied. Merged data from the Russian labor force survey and the sample survey on the use of information technology and information and telecom- munication networks by the population for 2022 was analyzed using econometric methods (Poisson regression, ordinal logit regression, probit regression, and Shapley decomposition). It was found that the level of education and age attained along with access to ICT infrastructure in a household are the main factors in the development of all the groups of digital skills considered except for the most advanced ones. More complex digital skills are mostly correlated with occupational chara- cteristics. Possession of advanced digital skills is also affected by gender (men are more likely than women to have them), place of residence (inhabitants of Moscow and the adjacent region are favored), and education (those with higher education tend to have more such skills). These results underline the importance of developing digital skills among students in educational programs at all levels (not only in higher education) as well as among older employees as part of advanced training programs, while also increasing the availability of ICT infrastructure to households.

Keywords: рынок труда, человеческий капитал, цифровизация, digitalization, цифровая трансформация, labor market, digital transformation, Human capital