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Трансформация цепей поставок в ситуации глобального кризиса
The article is devoted to the process of transformation of international supply chains in a crisis situation caused by the imposition of three powerful negative factors: the financial and economic crisis of 2008, the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic and economic sanctions against the Russian Federation.
The authors point out that the destabilizing effect of the crisis affected, first of all, the functioning of the global supply chain system, one of the main components of the world economy. Under the current conditions, the normal functioning of supply chains is disrupted or becomes completely impossible due to disruptions in transport and commodity flows, denials of service, unpredictable delays, significant fluctuations in prices for goods and services, etc.
The article emphasizes that the system of criteria and the basic principles of supply chain management, which have developed over decades of relatively stable development, are currently ineffective or completely inapplicable and need to be substantially adjusted.
The analysis of the results of studies conducted by domestic and foreign authors and devoted to improving the stability of supply chains, carried out in the article, made it possible to summarize the basic principles for ensuring the stability of supply chains and recommendations for practice developed in these studies.
The theoretical recommendations identified by the authors are compared with the results of a survey conducted by the authors of 240 Russian companies representing industry, distribution of goods, retail, logistics services and other segments. The companies participating in the survey are participants in international supply chains that ensure the import of goods to Russia. The survey made it possible to identify both the main negative factors affecting the supply chains and the most significant areas of activity for Russian business in the reconfiguration of import supply chains in crisis conditions.
Based on the available theoretical and empirical data, the authors make an assumption about the new characteristics of international supply chains that they will acquire in the foreseeable future, both in terms of the general ideology of management and operation, and in terms of operational decisions.