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Элементы фикциональности в медиатекстах: столкновение реального и вымышленного
The given article is dedicated to the analysis of fictionality in modern English media texts. Fictionality is a term applied in narrative theory, and traditionally associated with the belles-lettres style (i.e. fictional narrative). In brief, fictionality is an intentional use of invented stories, which is opposed to factuality. We found out that, being a fiction-specific narratological category, fictionality may appear in some kinds of media texts in the shape of separate pieces of text of different length - fictional inclusions. In our study we relied on the works by W. Schmid, J. Jenette, R. Walsh, Paul Dawson, H.S. Nielsen, J. Phelan etc. The main aim of the work was to prove that narratological analysis may be applied not only to the belles-lettres style, but also to media texts, altogether with other types of analyses. Also, we focused on the types, features and functions of the phenomenon under study. Investigation showed that opinion articles are more prone to contain fictional inclusions than others, which is the result of the fact that this type of articles possesses many features of belles-lettres style. The application of stylistic and narratological analysis to the fictional inclusions led us to the following conclusions. Fictional inclusions may help in creation of such stylistic devices as metaphor, irony, hyperbole, implication. Functions of fictionality in media texts may be numerous, including attracting attention, setting contact with the addressee, avoiding evaluation, sharing opinion etc. Altogether, the devices and functions mentioned above contribute to language manipulation of the recipient. Also, textual markers of fictionality in media texts were found, among which there were such language means as modal constructions, conditional mood, negation, change of register and hyperbolization. The given means help the reader distinguish fictional inclusions in media texts. The results of the research support the idea voiced by modern narratologists about blurring boundaries between fiction and other cultural spheres.