Article
Betti tables of MCM modules over the cone a plane cubic
We show that for maximal Cohen–Macaulay modules over the homogeneous coordinate ring of a smooth Calabi–Yau varieties X, the computation of Betti numbers can be reduced to computations of dimensions of certain HomHom spaces in the bounded derived category Db(X). In the simplest case of a smooth elliptic curve E embedded in P2 as a smooth cubic, we get explicit values for Betti numbers. The description of the automorphism group of the derived category Db(E) in terms of the spherical twist functors of Seidel and Thomas plays a major role in our approach. We show that there are only four possible shapes of the Betti tables up to shifts in internal degree, and two possible shapes up to shifts in internal degree and taking syzygies.
We present a new variant of Diffie-Hellman protocol, which is realized in a group of points of elliptic curve over finite field and contains a possibility of key confirmation. An important feature of this protocol is mutual authentication of protocol entities. We make some security demands to the protocol such as key security, long-term keys security, known key security, forward secrecy, key compromise impersonation, unknown key sharing and no key control. We show that our protocol are meets our expectations.
In this work we present two new protocols for secure management of remote objects. These protocols are released in group of points of elliptic curve, defined over finite field, with usage of russian cryptography standards.
In this paper we prove that the generating series of the Poincare polynomials of quasihomogeneous Hilbert schemes of points in the plane has a beautiful decomposition into an infinite product. We also compute the generating series of the numbers of quasihomogeneous components in a moduli space of sheaves on the projective plane. The answer is given in terms of characters of the affine Lie algebra~$\widehat{sl}_m$.
We define and study the Hochschild (co)homology of the second kind (known also as the Borel-Moore Hochschild homology and the compactly supported Hochschild cohomology) for curved DG categories. An isomorphism between the Hochschild (co)homology of the second kind of a CDG-category B and the same of the DG category C of right CDG-modules over B, projective and finitely generated as graded B-modules, is constructed. Sufficient conditions for an isomorphism of the two kinds of Hochschild (co)homology of a DG-category are formulated in terms of the two kinds of derived categories of DG-modules over it. In particular, a kind of “resolution of the diagonal” condition for the diagonal CDG-bimodule B over a CDG-category B guarantees an isomorphism of the two kinds of Hochschild (co)homology of the corresponding DG-category C. Several classes of examples are discussed. In particular, we show that the two kinds of Hochschild (co)homology are isomorphic for the DG-category of matrix factorizations of a regular function on a smooth affine variety over a perfect field provided that the function has no other critical values but zero.
A model for organizing cargo transportation between two node stations connected by a railway line which contains a certain number of intermediate stations is considered. The movement of cargo is in one direction. Such a situation may occur, for example, if one of the node stations is located in a region which produce raw material for manufacturing industry located in another region, and there is another node station. The organization of freight traffic is performed by means of a number of technologies. These technologies determine the rules for taking on cargo at the initial node station, the rules of interaction between neighboring stations, as well as the rule of distribution of cargo to the final node stations. The process of cargo transportation is followed by the set rule of control. For such a model, one must determine possible modes of cargo transportation and describe their properties. This model is described by a finite-dimensional system of differential equations with nonlocal linear restrictions. The class of the solution satisfying nonlocal linear restrictions is extremely narrow. It results in the need for the “correct” extension of solutions of a system of differential equations to a class of quasi-solutions having the distinctive feature of gaps in a countable number of points. It was possible numerically using the Runge–Kutta method of the fourth order to build these quasi-solutions and determine their rate of growth. Let us note that in the technical plan the main complexity consisted in obtaining quasi-solutions satisfying the nonlocal linear restrictions. Furthermore, we investigated the dependence of quasi-solutions and, in particular, sizes of gaps (jumps) of solutions on a number of parameters of the model characterizing a rule of control, technologies for transportation of cargo and intensity of giving of cargo on a node station.
Let k be a field of characteristic zero, let G be a connected reductive algebraic group over k and let g be its Lie algebra. Let k(G), respectively, k(g), be the field of k- rational functions on G, respectively, g. The conjugation action of G on itself induces the adjoint action of G on g. We investigate the question whether or not the field extensions k(G)/k(G)^G and k(g)/k(g)^G are purely transcendental. We show that the answer is the same for k(G)/k(G)^G and k(g)/k(g)^G, and reduce the problem to the case where G is simple. For simple groups we show that the answer is positive if G is split of type A_n or C_n, and negative for groups of other types, except possibly G_2. A key ingredient in the proof of the negative result is a recent formula for the unramified Brauer group of a homogeneous space with connected stabilizers. As a byproduct of our investigation we give an affirmative answer to a question of Grothendieck about the existence of a rational section of the categorical quotient morphism for the conjugating action of G on itself.
Let G be a connected semisimple algebraic group over an algebraically closed field k. In 1965 Steinberg proved that if G is simply connected, then in G there exists a closed irreducible cross-section of the set of closures of regular conjugacy classes. We prove that in arbitrary G such a cross-section exists if and only if the universal covering isogeny Ĝ → G is bijective; this answers Grothendieck's question cited in the epigraph. In particular, for char k = 0, the converse to Steinberg's theorem holds. The existence of a cross-section in G implies, at least for char k = 0, that the algebra k[G]G of class functions on G is generated by rk G elements. We describe, for arbitrary G, a minimal generating set of k[G]G and that of the representation ring of G and answer two Grothendieck's questions on constructing generating sets of k[G]G. We prove the existence of a rational (i.e., local) section of the quotient morphism for arbitrary G and the existence of a rational cross-section in G (for char k = 0, this has been proved earlier); this answers the other question cited in the epigraph. We also prove that the existence of a rational section is equivalent to the existence of a rational W-equivariant map T- - - >G/T where T is a maximal torus of G and W the Weyl group.