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July 15, 2026
Economists Propose More Effective Approach to Reducing Smoking
Economists at HSE University have examined how smokers respond to changes in cigarette prices. When tobacco prices increase, cigarette consumption does not always decline. In fact, spending on tobacco may even rise: according to the researchers, a 1% decrease in cigarette affordability leads to a 0.28% increase in per capita tobacco expenditure. The findings suggest that to reduce smoking rates, tobacco prices must rise faster than household incomes. The study has been published in Voprosy Statistiki.
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Infrared Spectra of the CH3NH3PbI3 Hybrid Perovskite: Signatures of Phase Transitions and of Organic Cation Dynamics

Journal of Physical Chemistry C. 2020. Vol. 124. No. 42. P. 23307–23316.
Kirill N. Boldyrev, Vasilisa E. Anikeeva, Marina N. Popova, Semenova O.

The high-resolution terahertz reflection and mid- and near-infrared transmission spectroscopic studies of CH3NH3PbI3 hybrid perovskite single crystals are performed for the temperature range from 5 to 350 K. The observation of the torsional mode of the molecular cation (at 306 cm–1) and of 12 other low-frequency modes not observed before is reported. Mode Grüneisen parameters for the strongest inorganic-cage modes are negative, which points to their interaction with a soft mode. Sharp peculiarities and the hysteresis take place in the multiphonon spectra at the phase transition from the tetragonal to the orthorhombic phase (∼160 K). Moreover, pronounced spectral changes are observed at ∼70 K; they correlate with the transition to tunneling dynamics. A spectral line splitting at this temperature is tentatively attributed to the tunneling splitting.

Research target: Chemistry
Language: English
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Keywords: phase transitionHybrid halide perovskiteinfrared spectroscopymultiphonon spectra
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