«Христос и мир»: метафизическая аргументация в полемике В. Розанова и Н. Бердяева

Вопросы философии. 2019. № 10. С. 122–131.

Pavlov I.

The paper deals with the polemics of Vasily Rozanov and Nikolay Berdyaev on the metaphysical relation between Christ and the World. The polemics took place in the meetings of Religious-philosophical society in Saint Petersburg. The author inserts this polemics in the context of current debates on the role of metaphysics in post-secular discussions on religion. Rozanov’s reasoning and Berdyaev’s answer are considered not to be an example of ‘exotic’ Russian religious philosophy based on literature and devoid of strict argumentation but rather reflections with certain metaphysical argumentative strategies. The author reconstructs the viewpoints of the philosophers. Rozanov’s report is grounded on the opposition of Christ and the World. Rozanov discovers the contrast between love to Christ and love to the World by demonstrating incompatibility of the Christianity and secular pleasures. Although Rozanov uses stylistic and psychological techniques, he presents his point as the metaphysical one. Therefore, the answer Berdyaev works out is based on metaphysical question. What is the world? Is the world only the actual being, or it is an axiological category? The author examines this argument as the refutation of Rozanov’s point, because the values of the world and Christ cannot be opposed if the category of the world does not content an axiological dimension. In conclusion, the author claims that the main trouble of the polemics is the difference in Rozanov’s and Berdyaev’s interpretation of metaphysics. That is why it is significant to answer what is metaphysics for current debates on religion.

Keywords: метафизика, русская религиозная философия, metaphysics, постсекулярное, Russian religious philosophy, Vassily Rozanov, Василий Розанов, postsecularity, Николай Бердяев, Nikolai Berdyaev

Publication based on the results of: Russia and Europe: polemics and controversial unity (2019)