Article
Largest Chordal and Interval Subgraphs Faster than 2^n
We prove that in a graph with n vertices, induced chordal and interval subgraphs with the maximum number of vertices can be found in time 2^(𝜆𝑛) for some 𝜆<1. These are the first algorithms breaking the trivial 2^𝑛 poly(n) bound of the brute-force search for these problems.
At the particular article we provide a methodological approach to selection of companies for horizontal cooperation in procurement logistics. In context of modern logistics (globalization, high customer expectations, high transportation costs), and changes regarding Russia’s plans to join WTO, this topic is highly relevant from a practical point of view. The purpose of this article is to provide single methodological approach to selection of companies for horizontal cooperation.
1. Description of the problem. Instrumental analysis makes it possible to find the arguments of adjudication on the bounders and structure of corpus delicti, its correlation to criminal and filling-up legislation. 2. Initial theses. Corpus delicti is regarded as that expressed in criminal law doctrine result of reorganization of orders of criminal law into other practically necessary form. That happens in the process of theory and practical experience accumulation. The construction of corpus delicti is transformed for practical needs, textually expressed system of features, regulated by criminal law and characterizing deeds as a crime of a definite type. Correlation of construction of corpus delicti with law and doctrine. Corpus delicti, its algorithm. Transition from law regulations to corpus delicti can be done: 1) prog-nostically; 2) within constant analysis of law; 3) in the process of law application. 3. Stages of instrumental building of corpus delicti: prognostic, doctrinal, law applicatory. Instrumental approach to corpus delicti includes within each stage: 1) based on criminal law decision of classification of corpus delicti and its borders; 2) objective description of a factual model; 3) acception of meaning correlated with legal notions and constructions; 4) choice of the construction of the corpus delicti and disposal of characteristics; 5) verification of legitimacy, necessity and adequacy of foundation. 4. Instrumental analysis of disputable questions of understanding and application of constructions of corpus delicti. A. Functions and purposes of application of construction of corpus delicti. Functions of corpus delicti: a) modeling; b) communicative; c) identificatory; d) technological. B. Contents of corpus delicti. Contents of corpus delicti as it is traditionally regarded does not correspond to indications of crime, does not characterize features of social danger; sign of danger of penalty also does go into corpus delicti. Two variants are proposed for the discussion: widening of the borders of corpus delicti by means of introduction of signs of social danger and signs, defining individualization of penalty and to limitate corpus delicti by characteristic of criminally punished act, separating it from contents of guilt and contents of social danger. C. Structure of corpus delicti. There are two problems: division of elements of crime seems to be extremely harsh and inadequate - it is expedient to include signs of special and time limits of act, causal links, crossing signs of objective and subjective sides, first of all consequences and an object of crime, into the structure of corpus delicti. Forms of committing a criminally punished act is a crime commitment in complicity, ideal system, not finished crime.
Classical approaches to the construction of hash function modes, based on the using of iterative procedures, do not allow efficient processing of large amounts of data and can’t be adapted to parallel computing architectures. It applies to both the Russian cryptographic standard GOST R 34.11-2012, which determines the algorithm and procedure for calculating the hash function, as well as many other foreign standards (for example, SHA-3). The absence of standards for parallelized modes for the hash functions of GOST R 34.11-2012 creates an urgent need for the development of the domestic standard of the parallelized mode of hash code.
This article is devoted to the research and development of new modes of hash code generation that allow efficient parallelization of the computation process and provide cryptographic resistance satisfying modern requirements. This work continues the research carried out by the authors, and offers a fundamentally new tree mode of hash code generation ("FT-mode"), based on l-ary hash trees and allowed to use any compression mapping for a mechanism of forming tree nodes. The resistance of the mode is completely determined by the resistance of the corresponding compressive mapping. In particular, the FT-mode allows using block ciphers and substitution transformations to form nodes of a hash tree along with compression functions and hash functions. In addition, the FT-mode excludes the main functional disadvantages of the known tree modes of hash code generation that affect their operational, technical and cryptographic quality.Within the framework of the present research a number of characteristics of FT-mode are calculated, and a comparative analysis of the time and computational complexity of implementations of FT-mode and some foreign tree hash modes is carried out. The corresponding results showed that the developed mode is not inferior to any of the considered modes.
We present an approach based on a two-stage ltration of the set of feasible solutions for the multiprocessor job-shop scheduling problem. On the rst stage we use extensive dominance relations, whereas on the second stage we use lower bounds. We show that several lower bounds can eciently be obtained and implemented.
A model for organizing cargo transportation between two node stations connected by a railway line which contains a certain number of intermediate stations is considered. The movement of cargo is in one direction. Such a situation may occur, for example, if one of the node stations is located in a region which produce raw material for manufacturing industry located in another region, and there is another node station. The organization of freight traffic is performed by means of a number of technologies. These technologies determine the rules for taking on cargo at the initial node station, the rules of interaction between neighboring stations, as well as the rule of distribution of cargo to the final node stations. The process of cargo transportation is followed by the set rule of control. For such a model, one must determine possible modes of cargo transportation and describe their properties. This model is described by a finite-dimensional system of differential equations with nonlocal linear restrictions. The class of the solution satisfying nonlocal linear restrictions is extremely narrow. It results in the need for the “correct” extension of solutions of a system of differential equations to a class of quasi-solutions having the distinctive feature of gaps in a countable number of points. It was possible numerically using the Runge–Kutta method of the fourth order to build these quasi-solutions and determine their rate of growth. Let us note that in the technical plan the main complexity consisted in obtaining quasi-solutions satisfying the nonlocal linear restrictions. Furthermore, we investigated the dependence of quasi-solutions and, in particular, sizes of gaps (jumps) of solutions on a number of parameters of the model characterizing a rule of control, technologies for transportation of cargo and intensity of giving of cargo on a node station.
Event logs collected by modern information and technical systems usually contain enough data for automated process models discovery. A variety of algorithms was developed for process models discovery, conformance checking, log to model alignment, comparison of process models, etc., nevertheless a quick analysis of ad-hoc selected parts of a journal still have not get a full-fledged implementation. This paper describes an ROLAP-based method of multidimensional event logs storage for process mining. The result of the analysis of the journal is visualized as directed graph representing the union of all possible event sequences, ranked by their occurrence probability. Our implementation allows the analyst to discover process models for sublogs defined by ad-hoc selection of criteria and value of occurrence probability
The geographic information system (GIS) is based on the first and only Russian Imperial Census of 1897 and the First All-Union Census of the Soviet Union of 1926. The GIS features vector data (shapefiles) of allprovinces of the two states. For the 1897 census, there is information about linguistic, religious, and social estate groups. The part based on the 1926 census features nationality. Both shapefiles include information on gender, rural and urban population. The GIS allows for producing any necessary maps for individual studies of the period which require the administrative boundaries and demographic information.
Existing approaches suggest that IT strategy should be a reflection of business strategy. However, actually organisations do not often follow business strategy even if it is formally declared. In these conditions, IT strategy can be viewed not as a plan, but as an organisational shared view on the role of information systems. This approach generally reflects only a top-down perspective of IT strategy. So, it can be supplemented by a strategic behaviour pattern (i.e., more or less standard response to a changes that is formed as result of previous experience) to implement bottom-up approach. Two components that can help to establish effective reaction regarding new initiatives in IT are proposed here: model of IT-related decision making, and efficiency measurement metric to estimate maturity of business processes and appropriate IT. Usage of proposed tools is demonstrated in practical cases.