Commentary: Injecting Instructions into Premotor Cortex

A. Ossadtchi; M. Lebedev

doi:10.3389/fncel.2018.00065

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Commentary: Injecting Instructions into Premotor Cortex

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience. 2018. Vol. 12. No. 65. P. 1–3.

Ossadtchi A., Lebedev M.

Here we call attention to a scholarly paper of particular note, where Mazurek and Schieber (Mazurek and Schieber, 2017) reported for the first time that arm reaching tasks performed by rhesus monkeys can be instructed by intracortical stimulation (ICMS) applied to dorsal premotor cortex (PMd). Monkeys started each trial by grasping with the hand a home handle that was surrounded by four target handles. Next, reach direction was instructed by turning on a display composed of light emitting diodes (LEDs) at the base of the target handle and/or applying ICMS to different sites in PMd. ICMS of the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) was also tested in the same context. Monkeys responded to the instruction by releasing the home handle and grasping the target handle. They learned to respond correctly to both LED and ICMS instructions, with very high success rate (96–99%).

Language: English

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Keywords: intracortical microstimulation premotor cortex monkey hebbian learning hebbian plasticity neural prostheses predictive coding predictive processing

Publication based on the results of:

Двунаправленные электрокортикографические интерфейсы мозг-компьютер для управления, стимуляции и коммуникации (2020)

Does Sound Timing Organization Matter? How Time Interval Influences the Perception of Closely Spaced Frequencies

Liaukovich K., Martynova O., Brain Sciences 2026 Vol. 5 No. 16 P. 439

Highlights What are the main findings? Temporal predictability may enhance auditory frequency discrimination, but only under active listening and when discrimination is difficult; the local irregularity (five-tone bundles) yields higher hit rates and perceptual sensitivity (d’) compared to oddball or two-tone paradigms, accompanied by enhanced P300 amplitude. Participants may show a dissociation between objective performance and subjective awareness: ...

Added: September 4, 2026

Rhythm-based hierarchical predictive computations support acoustic−semantic transformation in speech processing

Dogonasheva O., Doelling K., Zakharov D. et al., Nature Computational Science 2025 Vol. 5 P. 915–926

Unraveling how humans understand speech despite distortions has long intrigued researchers. A prominent hypothesis highlights the role of multiple endogenous brain rhythms in forming the computational context to predict speech structure and content. Yet, how neural processes may implement rhythm-based context formation remains unclear. Here, we propose the Brain-Rhythm-Based Inference model (BRyBI) as a possible neural implementation of speech processing ...

Added: September 2, 2025

Newly acquired word-action associations trigger auditory cortex activation during movement preparation: Implications for Hebbian plasticity in action word learning

Tretyakova V., Pavlova A., Arapov V. et al., Plos One 2025 Vol. 20 No. 7 Article e0325977

Action word learning is believed to rely on mechanisms of Hebbian learning. However, this biological mechanism requires activation of the neural assemblies representing a word form and a corresponding movement to repeatedly overlap in time. In reality, though, these associated events could be separated by seconds. In the current MEG study, we examined trial-and-error learning ...

Added: July 4, 2025

Implementation Challenges and Strategies for Hebbian Learning in Convolutional Neural Networks

A. V. Demidovskij, M. S. Kazyulina, Salnikov I. G. et al., Optical Memory and Neural Networks (Information Optics) 2023 Vol. 32 P. S252–S264

Given the unprecedented growth of deep learning applications, training acceleration is becoming a subject of strong academic interest. Hebbian learning as a training strategy alternative to backpropagation presents a promising optimization approach due to its locality, lower computational complexity and parallelization potential. Nevertheless, due to the challenging optimization of Hebbian learning, there is no widely ...

Added: January 17, 2024

Motor Learning and Decision Making in Volatile Environment in Bipolar Disorder

Marina Ivanova, Herrojo-Ruiz M. D., , in: 2022 Fourth International Conference Neurotechnologies and Neurointerfaces (CNN) Kaliningrad, 14-16 Sept. 2022.: IEEE, 2022. Ch. 19 P. 55–58.

Predictive processing currently is one of the major lines of research in computational psychiatry. There is substantial evidence for the impaired Bayesian learning in affective disorders, and in particular impaired learning about uncertainty estimations. Based on our previous results in state and trait anxiety, we developed a study design, completed a pilot study and are ...

Added: February 10, 2023

Принцип предсказывающего кодирования и проблема активности в современной когнитивной науке

Falikman M., В кн.: Cognitive Neuroscience — 2020: материалы международного форума.: Екатеринбург: Издательство Уральского университета, 2021. С. 3–7.

In recent years, the principle predictive coding has become one of the frontiers in the contemporary cognitive science and is used to explain a growing range of cognitive functions, as well as emotions, social psychological effects, etc. Implementing the general concept of anticipation as the cornerstone of human activity, this principle echoes some ideas articulated ...

Added: September 9, 2021

Принцип предсказывающего кодирования в современных когнитивных исследованиях

Falikman M., Вопросы психологии 2021 Т. 67 № 3 С. 3–23

The review addresses the main directions of anticipation research in the contemporary cognitive psychology and some related areas of application of the predictive coding principle as a new general principle of human cognitive system and the brain functioning. The introduction of this principle to human information processing models raised a new wave of interest towards the feedback processing in ...

Added: June 23, 2021

A novel paraplegia model in awake behaving macaques

Lebedev M., Krukoff M., Zhuang K. et al., Journal of Neurophysiology 2017 Vol. 118 No. 3 P. 1800–1808

Lower limb paralysis from spinal cord injury (SCI) or neurological disease carries a poor prognosis for recovery and remains a large societal burden. Neurophysiological and neu-roprosthetic research have the potential to improve quality of life for these patients; however, the lack of an ethical and sustainable nonhuman primate model for paraplegia hinders their advancement. Therefore, our multidisciplinary team developed a way to induce temporary paralysis in awake behaving macaquesby ...

Added: December 11, 2018

Commentary: Cortical activity in the null space: permitting preparation without movement

Lebedev M., Frontiers in Neuroscience 2017 Vol. 11 No. 502 P. 1–5

Kaufman et al. recently proposed a hypothesis of how cortical neuronal ensembles prepare movements without initiating them prematurely (Kaufman et al., 2014). Although novel and potentially paradigm-shifting, their model appears to contradict some of the previously reported results. Here I discuss several possible reasons for this contradiction. Kaufman et al. recorded from neuronal populations in dorsal premotor ...

Added: December 11, 2018

The nature of affect in the structural mere exposure effect

Ivanchei I., Asvarisch A., / Series WP BRP "PSYCHOLOGY". 2018.

This paper investigates the characteristics of the affective component in the structural mere exposure effect (SMEE). Two approaches are considered – fluency attribution approach (FA) and affect as predictive efficiency approach (APE) – within a predictive coding framework. Using the artificial grammar learning and affective priming paradigms, we demonstrate that a violation of implicitly learned ...

Added: November 1, 2018