A new (survey- and purpose-based) method for the operational time valuation is developed for the organizations and services whose activity is administrative, accounting-economic. A register of the accounting-economic functions, operations (activities), valuation units and survey methods is submitted. The result approach is developed for the operational time standards calculating in the public accounting bodies.
The recent years have seen pre-school become part of general education. This change has been enshrined in law and is reflected in the way pre-school departments in primary schools are organized and financed. The wellbeing of preschool departments in territorial educational complexes depends on the number of parents involved. What remains to be seen however, is the priorities they have. Do they perceive early childhood education as part and parcel of general education? Do they really need pre-school education, and what exactly do they expect to get from it? Research into parental needs showed that most parents choose a pre-school department solely on the consideration of its convenient location. They see care and supervision as being the main goal of pre-school education. Parents’ satisfaction is associated with the friendly and individualized attitude the teacher displays towards a child. Three groups of parents were identified in terms of choices, objectives and satisfaction factors.
Institutions affect investment decisions, including investments in human capital. Hence institutions are relevant for the allocation of talent. Good market-supporting institutions attract talent to productive value-creating activities, whereas poor ones raise the appeal of rent-seeking. We propose a theoretical model that predicts that more talented individuals are particularly sensitive in their career choices to the quality of institutions, and test these predictions on a sample of around 95 countries of the world. We find a strong positive association between the quality of institutions and graduation of college and university students in science, and an even stronger negative correlation with graduation in law. Our findings are robust to various specifications of empirical models, including smaller samples of former colonies and transition countries. The quality of human capital makes the distinction between educational choices under strong and weak institutions particularly sharp. We show that the allocation of talent is an important link between institutions and growth.
We address the external effects on public sector efficiency measures acquired using Data Envelopment Analysis. We use the health care system in Russian regions in 2011 to evaluate modern approaches to accounting for external effects. We propose a promising method of correcting DEA efficiency measures. Despite the multiple advantages DEA offers, the usage of this approach carries with it a number of methodological difficulties. Accounting for multiple factors of efficiency calls for more complex methods, among which the most promising are DMU clustering and calculating local production possibility frontiers. Using regression models for estimate correction requires further study due to possible systematic errors during estimation. A mixture of data correction and DMU clustering together with multi-stage DEA seems most promising at the moment. Analyzing several stages of transforming society’s resources into social welfare will allow for picking out the weak points in a state agency’s work.