Правовой режим иностранцев в Бухаре и Хиве в эпоху российского протектората (по сведениям иностранных путешественников)

Юридическое образование и наука. 2017. № 8. С. 38–42.

Pochekaev R. Y.

Purpose. Analysis of legal status of Christian foreigners in the Bukharan Emirate and Khivan Khanate during the age of the Russian protectorate (1870s-1910s). Although these states didn’t have right for the foreign policy, foreigners had an opportunity to visit them on different purpose. Nevertheless, specific status of protectorates caused some restriction in foreigners’ status at their communication with Russian representatives and local authorities. At the same time the Russian policy in the khanates provided safety of Christian foreigners from religious fanatics, etc. Characteristic of rules of entry and staying of foreigners in the Russian protectorates on a base of legal monuments and notes of foreign travelers themselves. Methods: formal legal method, historical legal approach, comparative legal method, context analysis. Results. Although Bukharan Emirate and Khivan Khanate were formally independent states, Russian imperial authorities provided completely the regime of the stay of foreigners in the territory of these states. It confirms that Central Asian khanates in fact were considered as an integral part of the empire, not as protectorates or even vassal states. Some elements of the legal status of foreigners in Central Asian states could be compared with modern view oon the legal regime of foreigners in Russia. Discussion. There is a comprehension of historical legal experience of relations of Russia with Central Asian states in a specific area: staying the representatives of the “third countries” on their territory. It could be used in modern situation of Eurasian integration, jf course, taking into account substantial political and legal realities and changing of the format of interaction.

Keywords: Russian Empire, Российская империя, хивинское ханство, Khivan Khanate, Bukharan Emirate, Бухарский эмират, legal regime of foreigners, travelers' notes, правовой режим иностранцев, записки путешественников

Publication based on the results of: Записки российских и западных дипломатов и путешественников как источник о государстве и праве центрально-азиатских государств XVIII – начала ХХ вв. (2016)