Article
Кластеризация предпринимательских оценок отраслевых событий в малом торговом бизнесе
The paper presents an analytical aspect of business surveys data processing, which allows highlighting key points in the dynamics of small retail businesses economic development in various phases of business cycle (case study: retail trade). In the introduction in addition to calculating balance characteristics and composite indicator of business conditions the authors substantiate the necessity to implement methodological approach to studying behavioral models of economic entities that are attributable to small retail enterprises, based on the statistical distribution of respondents’ answers. In reviewing cluster analysis individual data for clustering is suggested as variables that are an entrepreneurial assesses the actual and expected trends in real time. Features of the application technique of cluster analysis in determining the different «behavioral patterns» can be classified as individual responses of economic agents at different stages of the business cycle. A more thorough examination of this information may be useful in analyses of various operational indicators of organizations activity. This aspect is essential for investigating small business aggregate behavior in specific phases of business cycle, when it is necessary to detail business reaction with respect to actual or expected economic events.
Scott L. Newbert, PhD, is associate professor of management, Harry Halloran Emerging Scholar in Social Entrepreneurship, and Anne Quinn Welsh Faculty Fellow in Honors at Villanova University. His research on the socioeconomic impacts of entrepreneurial activity and valuation strategies for small firms has been published in numerous journals, including Strategic Organization, Small Business Economics, and Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. He received his doctorate in strategic management and entrepreneurship from Rutgers University.
This paper sets out to analyse the need for better “transparency tools” which inform university stakeholders about the quality of universities. First, it gives an overview of what is understood by the concept of transparency tools and those that are currently available. Authors then critique current transparency tools’ methodologies, looking in detail at the question of data sources, the risks involved in constructing league tables and the challenges in using composite indicators. Lastly, authors argue in favour of developing a new principle for transparency tools: that of multidimensional ranking.
The article summarizes the data from a few tens of in-depth interviews with entrepreneurs – representatives of a small business from six rural districts of the North-East of Kostroma region. The purpose of the interview was to discover expectations and suggestions from entrepreneurs to the local and state government. Interview data reveal the profound contradictions between the business and the government, some of which are hidden from the external observer. These contradictions are based not only on results of the local authority actions, but also on the specific current status of local government that makes it impossible to effectively interact with the business. On the other hand, the development of local businesses has led to a peculiar configuration of the business community, also making it difficult to communicate with the authorities. Particular feature of Middle Russian North business, especially in the highly subsidized Kostroma region, is its total focus on the use of natural resources, almost exclusively forest. Single-industry raw material specialization of the entrepreneurship as well as very narrow and underdeveloped segment of service makes entrepreneurs completely dependent on arbitrariness of local authorities. This, however, does not protect them from the territorial invasions and capture of the market by big outside mining and network companies. As a result of such two-sided attack local business is trying to get protection from the local government that leads to inadmissible merging of business and government and monopolizing of business in almost every rural district. Direct consequences of such a merging are government inefficiency, lack of incentives for business development, and stagnation. Some “evolutionary stable strategy” has been developed, that does not allow winning any of the actors yet saving them from loses in competition with the outside players. Understanding of the inefficiency and dead-end of such an interaction by some entrepreneurs forces them to raise claims to local authority. Interviews analyses resulted in the list of complaints and suggestions on how to optimize an interaction between the local business and local authorities.
The book consists of several units covering various aspects of business organisation. The main economic systems, the role of an enterprise as a basic unit of production, the characteristics of small-scale and large-scale business are considered. Corporation as a form of business organisation with its structure, management and financial aspects of operating is analysed.
This paper sets out to analyse the need for better “transparency tools” which inform university stakeholders about the quality of universities. First, it gives an overview of what is understood by the concept of transparency tools and those that are currently available. Authors then critique current transparency tools’ methodologies, looking in detail at the question of data sources, the risks involved in constructing league tables and the challenges in using composite indicators. Lastly, authors argue in favour of developing a new principle for transparency tools: that of multidimensional ranking.
Smoking is a problem, bringing signifi cant social and economic costs to Russiansociety. However, ratifi cation of the World health organization Framework conventionon tobacco control makes it possible to improve Russian legislation accordingto the international standards. So, I describe some measures that should be taken bythe Russian authorities in the nearest future, and I examine their effi ciency. By studyingthe international evidence I analyze the impact of the smoke-free areas, advertisementand sponsorship bans, tax increases, etc. on the prevalence of smoking, cigaretteconsumption and some other indicators. I also investigate the obstacles confrontingthe Russian authorities when they introduce new policy measures and the public attitudetowards these measures. I conclude that there is a number of easy-to-implementanti-smoking activities that need no fi nancial resources but only a political will.
One of the most important indicators of company's success is the increase of its value. The article investigates traditional methods of company's value assessment and the evidence that the application of these methods is incorrect in the new stage of economy. So it is necessary to create a new method of valuation based on the new main sources of company's success that is its intellectual capital.