Article
Right to Be Forgotten in the European Union and Russia: Comparison and Criticism
In July, 2015, the Russian President signed Law No. 264-FZ which grants to Russian citizens the right to request delisting of search results which link to inaccurate or irrelevant information about them (“the right to be forgotten”). According to its drafters, the law is expected to adapt Russian law to the European practice. This article recounts the decision of the Court of Justice of the European Union in Google Spain v. AEPD and Mario Costeja González, the case which inspired Law No. 264-FZ, and analyses commonalities and differences between the judgment of the Court of Justice and Law No. 264-FZ.The decision in Google Spain v. AEPD and Mario Costeja González was decided with reference to the principles contained in the data protection legislation. Guided by these principles, the Court of Justice of the European Union sought to strike a balance between the individual’s right to privacy and right of the public to access the information. As a consequence, search engine operators in the European Union are not obliged to remove search results if there is the preponderant interest of the general public in having access to the information in question. In contrast, Law No. 264-FZ is not based on data protection principles and introduced the sui generis right to request delisting of search results. The law contains a number of differences from the decision in Google Spain v. AEPD and Mario Costeja González. Most critically, Law No. 264-FZ fails to give due consideration to the public’s right to access information and does not contain a similar general exception from delisting of search results.
This paper first looks at computer-mediated communication (CMC) technologies: at their advantages and disadvantages for learning and teaching. Secondly outline of the background for the research is given: the nature of the online forums in question, the material chosen for the discussion and the task. Thirdly, the author analyses the content of the forums by year (the 2010 forum and the 2011 forum) and by the participants’ nationality (Russians and Americans). In the end some trends are voiced.
The monograph reflects on the dynamics of the EU role in global governance processes, presents analysis of the methods and instruments the EU employs for achieving its objectives in the international arenas, models and options of multilateral partnerships. The EU’s evolving role and influence in the G7/G8 over the last ten years reflecting its growth in power and influence as well as the EU expanding community competencies and legal authority is specifically explored, as an area which so far has not been sufficiently investigated. The work is tracing the transformation of the EU identity as a global actor in the recent decade and looks into how these changes affect the EU – Russia relationship. The book adds value to the scholarly literature in the field of studying the EU as a global actor. The contributions aim to serve as a reference and analysis for academics and students in the fields of political science, economics, law and other disciplines. The work aspires to be helpful to government officials, financial institutions, research libraries, the news media, and to members of the interested public.
This volume analyzes the evolution of geo-political and economic integration in the Eurasian area. The Eurasian integration is a growing phenomenon and the largest scale analysis proves necessary to avoid simplistic judgments based only on the geo-political approach. The editors of this publication present different profiles of integration, such as the geo-political and constitutional aspect, the relations with the European Union, migration issues, energy flows, the compatibility between the Eurasian and the WTO law, and the comparison with the European integration model. The book presents a wide range of viewpoints through essays of specialists from Russia, Ukraine, Lithuania, Belarus, Italy, France.
In the next two years, the UK will be faced with a complicated geopolitical situation. The relations with its two key partners – the EU and the USA – will be changed. The USA, when dealing with European issues, will begin to rely on Germany rather than on the UK. It will be necessary to negtiate with the EU a new relationship model that will envisage that the UK should not participate in the decision-making process inside the European Union, and should have no internal influence there. Simultaneously, there will be a need for negotiations on new trade agreements with a number of countries that are not EU member states, because the UK, once it has withdrawn from the US, will automatically fi nd itself outside of the international trade agreements concluded on behalf of the EU, including those in the framework of the WTO.
Market growth of personal medical device comes from a number of factors: • Aging population requiring more attention; • Patients with chronic diseases may measure blood pressure and blood glucose at home; • Reducing the cost of these devices; • Ease of use and availability of medical devices; • Risen cost of a series of medical tests. This article discusses the new challenges that arise in the relationship doctor - patient in the remote Monitoring human healthcare. With the advent of a greater variety of low-cost medical devices, as well as low-cost high-quality mobile communication system will allow the system to tell the Remote Healthcare Monitoring System has also become possible. This system should be as ready to doctors and patients themselves. there is a new quality in the interaction between doctor and patient. Considers a new model of doctor-patient relationship in the light of the transfer of active interaction to the virtual world.
Informational noise is one of the main ecological problems of the communicative environment. The virtualization of the consumer society through Internet highly increases the amount of noise. We undertook a pilot study of the effect of noise on information consumption on the web by methods of participant observation and indepth interviews with active users. We suggested the typology of informational noise, the parameters to assess the strength of its influence and the possible transformation of consumer practices under its influence.
The article is devoted to a particular form of freedom of assembly — the right to counter-demonstrate. The author underlines the value of this right as an element of democratic society, but also acknowledges the risk of violent actions among participants of opposing demonstrations. Due to this risk, the government may adopt adequate measures restricting the right to counter-demonstrate, certain types of which are analyzed in this paper.
Development of standards of international controllability is reviewed in the article. Institutional approach is applied to development of international legal regime of Energy Charter. Definition of controllability is connected to development of international standards of dispute settlement, which are described in the article in detail. In connection with controllability, Russian interest, defense of investment in European Union and ecological investment encouragement, is reviewed in the article.
мировое управление и управляемость, Мировая экономика, международное экономическое право, энергетическая хартия, International control and controllability, International economics, international economic law, Energy Charter
международное частное право; недвижимость; ; школа бартолистов; бартолисты; теория статутов; статуарная теория/