Article
Ценности российских менеджеров и корпоративные ценности
The article continues a discussion on personal and corporate values in management which was begun in the article "Corporate Values in Management of the Russian Companies". Focus is made on values of managers and their comparison with values of the companies in which they work. The empirical base of research consists of survey data of 83 top, middle and low level managers which were collected in the spring of 2013. Results of the research indicate the potential conflict of values orientations of managers and the companies that calls into question the implementation of management-by-values in the Russian companies. They also point out a need of additional research into a degree of organizational commitment and involvement of the managers who implement the companies’ strategies.
The current transformation of the labor sphere is often inconsistent in the direction and
content of the changes in employment relations and working activity. This has prompted
a revision of the theoretical foundations of the study of values and motives at work.
In this paper, work activity is regarded as a set of value-orientation bases, specific labor
practices and the true motivation of work behavior. In particular, we distinguish between
value dispositions and true work motivation, which depends on specific workplace and
occupation.
Our survey of 1,423 Russian workers and managers revealed (1) the determinants
of the existing role standards in the work activity of Russian employees, (2) the role of
employees’ value dispositions in these processes, and (3) the importance of the socio-
economic conditions of specific jobs and occupations.
The findings confirm the dominance of materialistic values, although there are
significant differences in the actualization of values focused on personal development
within professional and industrial dimensions. We also find that the orientation towards self-
realization and professional development and the possibility of obtaining new knowledge
and skills are significantly associated with a positive normative model of individual work
behavior. Additionally, we reveal the considerable impact of the work content on the
demonstration of diligent and professional work. Finally, we find that true work motivation
is very much aligned with the norms and rules adopted in particular work environments.
A specific form of informal employment is presented by electronic freelancers, e.g. self-employed professionals working remotely via the Internet. Andrey Shevchuk and Denis Strebkov launched Russian Freelance Survey (RFS) that brought more than 10,000 usable responses in each of two waves in 2008 and 2010, making RFS one of the largest freelance surveys in the world. Using these unique data sets, the authors describe the main groups involved in the Russian-speaking e-lance market and demonstrate how they cope with the high level of informality of institutional arrangements and opportunistic behaviour of market actors.
This study contributes to the literature on heterogeneous self-employment by investigating the diversity of work motivation. Using two samples obtained from freelancers, who participate in online freelance marketplaces, we analyze the relationship between individual work values and self-employment situations. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed four value dimensions: (1) intrinsic, (2) social, (3) comfort, and (4) security. Using multinomial logistic regression, we found that people who work exclusively as freelancers, moonlighters who also hold regular jobs, and entrepreneurs who also run small businesses have distinct sets of work values. Genuine freelancers ignore security and social values, but seek intrinsic rewards and comfort to balance work and life. Entrepreneurs show the least preference for security, do not appreciate comfort, but seek intrinsic and social job rewards. Moonlighters show the highest preference for security, value social rewards, but ignore intrinsic rewards and comfort. Although the study deals with the self-employed, it also sheds light on the general association between work values and jobs.
Person-organization fit (P-O fit) is often measured by the congruence of a person’s values and the values that he or she ascribes to the organization. A popular instrument used in this context is the Organizational Culture Profile (OCP; O’Reilly, Chatman, & Caldwell, 1991). The OCP uses 54 items that form eight factors in exploratory factor analysis. We investigate the extent to which the OCP can be embedded into Schwartz’s Theory of Universals in Values (TUV) that is formulated in terms of a circumplex in a two-dimensional plane. To address this question, we develop a nonstandard multidimensional scaling (MDS) method that enforces a TUV-based axial regionality onto the solution space together with a permutation test that assesses the consistency of the side constraints with the MDS representation. We find that the OCP can indeed be embedded into the TUV. The practical implication is that P-O fit can be assessed more simply by the congruence of the person’s and the organization’s positions on two value dimensions: risk versus rules and results versus relations.
The paper examines the structure, governance, and balance sheets of state-controlled banks in Russia, which accounted for over 55 percent of the total assets in the country's banking system in early 2012. The author offers a credible estimate of the size of the country's state banking sector by including banks that are indirectly owned by public organizations. Contrary to some predictions based on the theoretical literature on economic transition, he explains the relatively high profitability and efficiency of Russian state-controlled banks by pointing to their competitive position in such functions as acquisition and disposal of assets on behalf of the government. Also suggested in the paper is a different way of looking at market concentration in Russia (by consolidating the market shares of core state-controlled banks), which produces a picture of a more concentrated market than officially reported. Lastly, one of the author's interesting conclusions is that China provides a better benchmark than the formerly centrally planned economies of Central and Eastern Europe by which to assess the viability of state ownership of banks in Russia and to evaluate the country's banking sector.
The paper examines the principles for the supervision of financial conglomerates proposed by BCBS in the consultative document published in December 2011. Moreover, the article proposes a number of suggestions worked out by the authors within the HSE research team.
портовый менеджмент, показатели деятельности, анализ эффективности, система учета, распределение издержек, методы анализа деятельности портовой системы
At present many industries reveal tendency for setting up of vertically integrated companies (VIC) the structure of which unites all technological processes. This tendency proved its efficiency in oil industry where coordination of all successive stages of technological process, namely, oil prospecting and production -oil transportation - oil processing - oil chemistry - oil products and oil chemicals marketing, is necessary. The article considers specific features of introduction of "personnel management" module at enterprises of oil and gas industry.
vertically integrated companies; personnel management