Article
О топологической сопряжённости 3-диффеоморфизмов с одной орбитой гетероклинического касания
In present paper we consider a class of 3-manifolds' diffeomorphisms lying on the border of a set of gradient-like systems and different from the last not more than one tangencies' orbits of two-dimensional separatrices. It is proved that for studying diffeomorphisms necessary and sufficient condition for topological conjugacy of two diffeomorphisms from this class is a coincidence of classes of equivalence of their schemes and moduli of stability corresponding tangencies' orbits.}{Topological conjugacy, heteroclinic tangencies, moduli of stability.
In this paper we consider endomorphisms given on 2-manifold satisfying axiom A. F. Przytycki obtained necessary and sufficient conditions for $\Omega$-stability of such endomorphisms. He also showed that in every neighborhood of an omega-unstable endomorphism a countable number of pairwise omega non-conjugate endomorphisms exists. Here we introduce an example of one-parametric family of endomorphisms of 2-torus that are pairwise topologically non-conjugate but $\Omega$-conjugate.
Consider the class of diffeomorphisms of three-dimensional manifolds and satisfying aksiomA by Smale on the assumption that the non-wandering set of each diffeomorphism consists of surface two-dimensional basic sets. We find interrelations between the dynamics of such a diffeomorphism and the topology of the ambient manifold. Also found that each such diffeomorphism is Ω-conjugate to a modeling diffeomorphism of the manifold, which is a locally trivial bundle over the circle with torus as a leaf. Under some restrictions on the asymptotic behavior of two-dimensional invariant manifolds of points of basis sets obtained the topological classification of structurally stable diffeomorphisms of the class.
A model for organizing cargo transportation between two node stations connected by a railway line which contains a certain number of intermediate stations is considered. The movement of cargo is in one direction. Such a situation may occur, for example, if one of the node stations is located in a region which produce raw material for manufacturing industry located in another region, and there is another node station. The organization of freight traffic is performed by means of a number of technologies. These technologies determine the rules for taking on cargo at the initial node station, the rules of interaction between neighboring stations, as well as the rule of distribution of cargo to the final node stations. The process of cargo transportation is followed by the set rule of control. For such a model, one must determine possible modes of cargo transportation and describe their properties. This model is described by a finite-dimensional system of differential equations with nonlocal linear restrictions. The class of the solution satisfying nonlocal linear restrictions is extremely narrow. It results in the need for the “correct” extension of solutions of a system of differential equations to a class of quasi-solutions having the distinctive feature of gaps in a countable number of points. It was possible numerically using the Runge–Kutta method of the fourth order to build these quasi-solutions and determine their rate of growth. Let us note that in the technical plan the main complexity consisted in obtaining quasi-solutions satisfying the nonlocal linear restrictions. Furthermore, we investigated the dependence of quasi-solutions and, in particular, sizes of gaps (jumps) of solutions on a number of parameters of the model characterizing a rule of control, technologies for transportation of cargo and intensity of giving of cargo on a node station.
Let k be a field of characteristic zero, let G be a connected reductive algebraic group over k and let g be its Lie algebra. Let k(G), respectively, k(g), be the field of k- rational functions on G, respectively, g. The conjugation action of G on itself induces the adjoint action of G on g. We investigate the question whether or not the field extensions k(G)/k(G)^G and k(g)/k(g)^G are purely transcendental. We show that the answer is the same for k(G)/k(G)^G and k(g)/k(g)^G, and reduce the problem to the case where G is simple. For simple groups we show that the answer is positive if G is split of type A_n or C_n, and negative for groups of other types, except possibly G_2. A key ingredient in the proof of the negative result is a recent formula for the unramified Brauer group of a homogeneous space with connected stabilizers. As a byproduct of our investigation we give an affirmative answer to a question of Grothendieck about the existence of a rational section of the categorical quotient morphism for the conjugating action of G on itself.
Let G be a connected semisimple algebraic group over an algebraically closed field k. In 1965 Steinberg proved that if G is simply connected, then in G there exists a closed irreducible cross-section of the set of closures of regular conjugacy classes. We prove that in arbitrary G such a cross-section exists if and only if the universal covering isogeny Ĝ → G is bijective; this answers Grothendieck's question cited in the epigraph. In particular, for char k = 0, the converse to Steinberg's theorem holds. The existence of a cross-section in G implies, at least for char k = 0, that the algebra k[G]G of class functions on G is generated by rk G elements. We describe, for arbitrary G, a minimal generating set of k[G]G and that of the representation ring of G and answer two Grothendieck's questions on constructing generating sets of k[G]G. We prove the existence of a rational (i.e., local) section of the quotient morphism for arbitrary G and the existence of a rational cross-section in G (for char k = 0, this has been proved earlier); this answers the other question cited in the epigraph. We also prove that the existence of a rational section is equivalent to the existence of a rational W-equivariant map T- - - >G/T where T is a maximal torus of G and W the Weyl group.