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Валидизация русскоязычной версии «многомерной методики экзистенциального смысла»
Meaning in life has a multidimensional structure and represents one of the key determi-nants of well-being. The aim of the present study was to examine the construct validity of subscales of the Multidimensional Existential Meaning Scale (MEMS). Methods. The ques-tionnaire was translated into Russian and tested on two samples: (1) participants of an interna-tional study on psychological coping with the COVID-19 threat aged 25–67 years (N = 116; M = 45.1; SD = 9.79; 92.24% women), and (2) first-year undergraduate students of HSE University aged 17–24 years (N = 291; M = 18.8; SD = 1.21; 93.13% women). Convergent validity was assessed using correlational and regression analyses. The MEMS subscales ("meaning in life judgments", "coherence", "purpose", and "mattering") were compared with measures of well-being, motivation, and self-determination. The following instruments were used: the PERMA-Profiler, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21), the Personal Life Position Questionnaire, the Mental Health Continuum, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, the Noetic Orientations Test, the Russian Causality Orientations Questionnaire, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. Results. All MEMS subscales, as well as the total MEMS score introduced in this study, showed significant positive correlations with all indicators of well-being and significant negative correlations with negative emotional states and impersonal motivation. The strongest associations with meaning in life (total NOT score) were observed for the total MEMS score (r = 0.765, p < 0.001) and the "meaning in life judgments" subscale (r = 0.700, p < 0.001), supporting the external validity of the MEMS. The cognitive compo-nent of meaning in life, represented by the "coherence" subscale, emerged as the only signifi-cant predictor of social well-being and life satisfaction. The motivational component, "purpose", demonstrated the strongest association with the "goals" subscale of the NOT (r = 0.765, p < 0.001). Conclusions. The MEMS can be used as an instrument for assessing overall meaning in life as well as its cognitive and motivational components, represented by the "coherence" and "purpose" subscales. The empirical differentiation of the affective com-ponent of meaning in life, represented by "mattering," requires further investigation.