Правовые аспекты отношений Крымского ханства и Османской империи глазами европейских современников. Ч. 2: анализ источников XVIII в.

Крымское историческое обозрение. 2025. Т. 12. № 4. С. 129–143.

Pochekaev R. Y.

This article examines the writings of European contemporaries (primarily diplomats and travelers who visited the Crimean Khanate and the Ottoman Empire during the period under review) on the specifics of the Girays’ status with the Ottomans in the 18th century. The article analyzes the notes of French authors–diplomats and writers A. de La Motraie, A. Jaworki, F. Tott, C.-C. de Peyssonel, A. de Vergy du Vernoy, C. de Bar; the Englishmen D. Motley, W. Eaton, W. Tooke; and the Dutchman N.-E. Kleeman. In the last century of its existence, the Crimean Khanate increasingly came under the influence of the Ottoman Empire, but it was towards the end of its existence that it gained official independence (as a result of the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca). The author intends to trace the evolution of the Khanate’s status in relation to the Ottoman Empire as it was presented by foreign contemporaries, to identify the most common observations, as well as stereotypes and errors that were characteristic of European authors, many of whom uncritically used the materials of their predecessors.

Keywords: суверенитет, Османская империя, sovereignty, vassalage, вассалитет, Ottoman Empire, Crimean Khanate, travelers' notes, записки путешественников, Крымское ханство, suzerainty, сюзеренитет