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Foresight in Russia: Implications for Policy Making
Foresight has become important in Russia, including identification of National S&T priorities and Critical technologies, and three cycles of the National S&T Foresight being performed during the last decade to guide development of S&T and innovation policies. The chapter shows that Foresight in Russia has evolved from being just one on information source for S&T and innovation policy, towards a full-scale instrument for addressing key issues of these policies. Foresight work and its impacts on major policy challenges and instruments – including development of human resources, bridging the gap between business, R&D and the state, increasing efficiency of budget R&D funding, stimulating innovation – are discussed in light of the Russian experience. Particular attention is paid to Foresight's actual and potential role in developing and implementing such new policy initiatives as the National long-term R&D programme; Technology platforms; Innovation programmes for state-owned companies; and building a system of National Research Universities