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ЛИТЕРАТУРНАЯ ГЕОГРАФИЯ И ПРОБЛЕМА ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ГЕОКУЛЬТУРНЫХ ТЕКСТОВ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ЧЕРНОМОРСКИХ ТЕКСТОВ РУССКОЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ)
The article is devoted to the problem of the formation of geo-cultural texts within the framework of literary
geography. An important part of literary and geographical studies is the study of geographical images
presented in literary works. The concept of a geo-cultural text makes it possible to typologize literary and
geographical images in relation to different geo-cultures. Local geo-cultures with a developed literary tradition
usually have a number of representative geo-cultural texts that characterize the landscape and figurative
features of the development of a given territory. The evolution of the Black Sea text is considered
using the concepts of geo-culture and geo-cultural text. Images of the South, exoticism, and antiquity
are explored as key images determining the development of the Black Sea text. Special attention is paid
to the formation of interrelations between the images of the Crimea and antiquity. The marine “exoticism,”
combined with the “atmosphere” of antiquity, the marginal antiquity of European culture, turned out
to be the strongest emotional stimulus for the formation of both southern and Black Sea images in Russian
literature. In the geo-cultural context, the “crystallization” of the Black Sea text of Russian literature takes
place by the end of the 19th–beginning of the 20th century (I. Bunin, A. Kuprin). This is due to the rich
landscape descriptions, which make it possible to talk about the “Black Sea aura” of these texts and the
emergence of a kind of “Black Sea ontologies.” Further, the substantial core of the geo-cultural Black Sea
text in the 20th century is determined by the works of M. Voloshin, O. Mandelstam, I. Babel, A. Green,
K. Paustovsky, V. Kataev. Through the “crystallization” of the Crimean and Black Sea texts and the modern
re-creation of its own image of “Black Sea antiquity” throughout the 20th century, Russian culture created
its geo-cultural “antiquity” within the framework of the European geo-cultural space. Thanks to the
work of I. Brodsky (“Roman” and “imperial” loci), the Crimean and Black Sea texts expand their semantic
field, turning out to be a “node” of metaphorical assimilation, uniting the Mediterranean geo-cultural area
and geo-cultural zones of influence of Russian literature.