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Are Mathematicians, Physicists and Biologists Irrational? Intransitivity Studies vs. the Transitivity Axiom
The status of the axioms of transitivity of dominance (“if x dominates y and y dominates z, then x dominates z” and “if a person prefers A to B and B to C, then that person should prefer A to C”) as key components of rationality is discussed. The discussion is conducted in the context of modern mathematical and natural science studies of systems in objectively intransitive (rock—paper—scissors) relations contradictory to the transitivity axioms. Experiential studies of solving problems about various intransitive objects and relations are described.
From an epistemological point of view, it seems reasonable to distinguish between 4 types of situations.
(1) Relations are objectively transitive, and problem solvers: (1a) make correct conclusions about them; or (1b) wrongly consider the relations as intransitive. Most cognitive studies are conducted in this paradigm.
(2) Relations are objectively intransitive, and problem solvers: (2a) make correct conclusions about them; or (2b) wrongly consider the relations as transitive (e.g., because of taking the transitivity axiom for granted). This has been minimally studied in cognitive psychology.
In general, for objectively transitive options, intransitive choices are fallacies. For objectively intransitive options, fallacies are transitive choices of the intransitive options.
Topological and graph theoretic approaches are more appropriate to present objectively intransitive objects and systems than metric approaches. Models of intransitive relations in biological studies are worthy of special interest in this context. Teaching intransitivity problem solving should be based on studies how abilities develop in this area and broader educational studies.
Gorbounov Vassily, Kazakov A., Data Analytics and Topology 2025 Vol. 1 No. 1 P. 33–45
A classic problem in data analysis is studying the systems of subsets defined by either a similarity or a dissimilarity function on X which is either observed directly or derived from a data set.
For an electrical network there are two functions on the set of the nodes defined by the resistance matrix and the response ...
Added: May 28, 2026
Vorchik A., Вопросы экономики 2026
This work is devoted to a theoretical explanation of the Easterlin paradox, according to which long-term economic growth does not make average level of people's happiness increasing. By happiness, we mean the intensity of emotions people experience while comparing their new income with its expected value, or the target income with its original value. In the first case, ...
Added: May 28, 2026
Arutyunov K., JIANG1 Q., FANG J. et al., Science China Information Sciences 2026 Vol. 69 No. 6 P. 1–11
Resonators based on nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) using two-dimensional (2D) materials with high-quality factors and excellent electrical control are critical for tunable coherent phonon dynamics, resonant sensors and wireless communications. However, their performance is fundamentally limited by the lack of a unified framework governing energy dissipation mechanisms and their electrical tunability. Here, we synergistically modulate both ...
Added: May 28, 2026
Gayduchenko I., Advanced Functional Materials 2026 P. 1–10
Thermoelectric materials, long explored for energy harvesting and thermal sensing, convert heat directly into electrical signals. Extending their application to the terahertz (THz) frequency range opens opportunities for low-noise, bias-free THz detection, yet conventional thermoelectrics lack the sensitivity required for practical devices. Thermoelectric coefficients can be strongly enhanced near van Hove singularities (VHS), though these ...
Added: May 28, 2026
Давидович А. С., Shestakova A., Arzumanyan N. et al., Frontiers in Psychology 2026 Vol. 17 - 2026 P. 1–18
Background:
Delay discounting refers to the tendency to choose sooner, smaller rewards over larger, later rewards. Many previous studies link this tendency positively to reward sensitivity, yet the specific mechanisms behind this association remain poorly understood. Reward sensitivity may relate to delay discounting through at least three possible pathways: increased sensitivity to reward size, increased sensitivity ...
Added: May 27, 2026
Degtyarev A., Bakhurin S., Yudin N., DSPA 2026 P. 1–6
This paper investigates one possible solution to the problem of self-interference cancellation (SIC) arising in the design of in-band full-duplex (IBFD) communication systems. Self-interference cancellation is performed in the digital domain using multilayer nonlinear models adapted via gradient-based optimization. The presence of local minima and saddle points during the adaptation of multilayer models limits the ...
Added: May 26, 2026
Ilyashenko Y., Shilin I., Stanislav Minkov, Russian Journal of Mathematical Physics 2026 Vol. 33 No. 1 P. 89–106
In this paper, new numerical invariants of structurally unstable vector fields in the plane
are found. One of the main tools is an improved asymptotics of sparkling saddle connections that
occur when a separatrix loop of a hyperbolic saddle breaks. Another main tool is a new topological
invariant of two arithmetic progressions, both perturbed and unperturbed, on the ...
Added: May 26, 2026
Kolachev N., Kovaleva G., Behavior Genetics 2026
Functional literacy—the ability to apply reading, mathematical, and scientific knowledge in authentic contexts as operationalized by the PISA framework—is a key predictor of educational attainment, labour-market outcomes, and economic growth. Despite extensive behavioral-genetic research on cognitive ability, the heritability of competency-based literacy measures remains largely unexamined, particularly outside Western populations. The present study addresses this ...
Added: May 26, 2026
Helen Selorm Wohoyie, Anikin V. A., Tomsk State University Journal of Philosophy, Sociology and Political Science 2026 Vol. 90 P. 204–211
Menstrual health serves as a critical litmus test for state intervention in contexts where women’s bodily experiences are historically shaped by stigma, cultural taboos, and structural violence. Drawing on Joseph Gusfield’s theory of social problems, this review traces the moral passage of menstruation in Ghana (1992–2025) from a privately managed, stigmatized phenomenon to a matter ...
Added: May 26, 2026
Gusev I., Maksaev A., Promyslov V., Journal of Mathematical Sciences 2025 Vol. 299 No. 6
The regular graph of the space of n × m matrices over a field F is defined as the undirected graph whose vertices are matrices of rank min(n, m), and distinct matrices A and B are connected by an edge if and only if rk(A + B) < min(n, m). In this paper, for |F| ...
Added: May 25, 2026
Dorri Sedeh S., Kosonogov V., Kerimova N. et al., Frontiers in Psychology 2026 Vol. 17 Article 1710257
Introduction:
As cities continue to grow, access to natural environments is becoming more limited, contributing to increased stress levels in urban populations. Panoramic 360° videos provide a creative and scalable means of simulating natural environments, potentially reducing stress in city residents under controlled settings. Here, we examined whether short immersive experiences in different urban environments support ...
Added: May 25, 2026
Kochetkova Ekaterina, Kostanian D., Martynova O. et al., Brain Topography 2026 Vol. 39 No. 4 Article 51
Letter recognition is assumed to involve several levels of analysis, including coarse tuning for category and novelty and more fine tuning for specific features, related to letter orientation. We employed an oddball fast periodic visual stimulation (FPVS) paradigm with magnetoencephalography (Elekta VectorView, 306 sensors) to study neural discrimination responses in the source space. Using contrasts ...
Added: May 24, 2026
Qian X., Deng Y., Shchur L. et al., Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 2026 Vol. 696 P. 1–13
We perform a Monte Carlo analysis of the Ising model on many three-dimensional lattices. By means of finite-size scaling we obtain the critical points and determine the scaling dimensions. As expected, the critical exponents agree with the three-dimensional Ising universality class for all models. The irrelevant field, as revealed by the correction-to-scaling amplitudes, appears to ...
Added: May 24, 2026
Кырма В. В., Орлова Е. О., Rozmainsky I. V., Журнал институциональных исследований 2025 Т. 17 № 3 С. 136–156
In this paper, we conducted a study of the prevalence of cheating among university students and analyzed the factors contributing to this phenomenon. Cheating is a form of opportunism, when an individual chooses a strategy to achieve success through deception, manipulation, or forgery. The research was carried out on the basis of a survey created ...
Added: October 8, 2025
Springer Publishing Company, 2025.
This book focuses on benefiting artificial intelligent tools in our business and social life under emerging conditions. Human-centric, resilient, and sustainable industries are built on ideals like human-centricity, ecological advantages, or social benefits. The mission of human-centric artificial intelligence is to improve people’s lives by offering solutions that boost productivity, accessibility to resources, security, well-being, ...
Added: July 31, 2025
Emerging Adults’ Autonomy in Romantic Narrative Identities: Choices Between Emotions and Rationality
Victoria G. Yerofeyeva, Ekaterina M. Tsyganova, Bochaver A. A., Trends in Psychology 2025
This study examines how emerging adults define autonomy through their roman
tic relationship choices. Emerging adulthood provides a lot of opportunities to try
different things, but the diversity of alternatives makes it difficult to choose. Under
these conditions, autonomy becomes a necessary personal characteristic. We set
out to examine how young people construct romantic narratives identities based
on the characteristics ...
Added: July 25, 2025
Panos Pardalos, Valery Kalyagin, Mario R. Guarracino, Computational Management Science 2024 Vol. 21 No. 1 Article 35
Big data has become an integral part of modern networks. With the increasing amount of data generated by devices, machines, and applications, networks are constantly being challenged to handle and process this data in a timely and efficient manner. The size, complexity, and variety of data in networks are increasing rapidly, which requires new approaches ...
Added: February 22, 2025
Azhimov F., Pruzhinin B. I., Zhukova O. et al., М.: РОССПЭН, 2024.
Коллективная монография, посвященная 80-летию известного российского философа-эпистемолога Б. И. Пружинина, представляет основные тематические векторы его творчества – наука, рациональность, эпистемологический стиль русской философии, многообразие культур – на пересечении мнений, высказанных российскими и зарубежными философами (коллегами и друзьями юбиляра) на круглых столах. Стержневой темой публикуемых дискуссий стала концепция культурно-исторической эпистемологии: участники обсуждали ее философско-методологический потенциал в ...
Added: January 14, 2025
Andronova E., Мир психологии. Научно-методический журнал 2024 № 4(119) С. 133–145
While numerous studies have explored conceptual structure and its role in learning, few have delved into the content characteristics of concepts themselves. Even fewer have investigated how these content characteristics relate to the broader learning process, especially problem solving. This paper focuses on one such characteristic — levels of abstraction — and offers a theoretical ...
Added: December 24, 2024
Degterev D. A., Абрамова Е. А., Современная Европа 2024 № 5(126) С. 74–87
The ongoing foreign policy failures of France in Africa, primarily in the countries of the Sahel zone, force us to pay special attention to the mechanisms of decision-making in this area, which is the focus of this paper. A key place is given to the role of the academic community in the foreign policy expertise ...
Added: November 19, 2024
Springer, 2024.
This book presents recent research in intelligent and fuzzy techniques on Intelligent Industrial Informatics and Efficient Networks. This cutting-edge field integrates advanced technologies, such as artificial intelligence, machine learning and data analytics, into industrial processes, revolutionizing the way industries operate. The book presents the examples of the implementation of smart sensors and IoT devices, which ...
Added: September 14, 2024
Markiewicz P., Научный вестник ГосНИИ ГА 2020 № 30 С. 58–66
This article considers the problem of choosing a wing airfoil, taking into account the multi-purpose nature of light civilian aircraft. For a given class of aircraft, it is assumed that the flight is performed at airspeed less than the critical Mach number, this allows to omit the effect of compressibility on airfoil performance. We validate ...
Added: September 12, 2024
Kartasheva Anna, Tomiltseva D., , in: 2024 IEEE Ural-Siberian Conference on Biomedical Engineering, Radioelectronics and Information Technology (USBEREIT), 13-15 May 2024.: IEEE, 2024. P. 185–187.
Technologies and algorithms combine quantitative data about people and deep insights into the causes of human actions, empowering people to create new artificial agents. The article raises the challenges of implementing normativity in urban spaces equipped with technical systems with artificial intelligence. The improvement of urban life is come through access to technology also the ...
Added: September 9, 2024
Oreshkina T., Kartasheva Anna, Zabokritskaya L., , in: 2024 IEEE Ural-Siberian Conference on Biomedical Engineering, Radioelectronics and Information Technology (USBEREIT), 13-15 May 2024.: IEEE, 2024. P. 217–219.
The study discusses the integration of technological solutions based on social media data for vocational guidance in education. It focuses on educational guidance services like «Career Guidance Robot», «Wizard», and «IOT Navigator». The analysis explores reasons for unsuccessful launches of career guidance services, emphasizing the challenge of achieving sufficient prediction accuracy and its impact on ...
Added: September 9, 2024