Анархизм

Brick of Knowledge. 2020.

Fiala A.

Translator: Begrambekov A.

Anarchism is a political theory, which is skeptical of the justification of authority and power, especially political power. Anarchism is usually grounded in moral claims about the importance of individual liberty. Anarchists also offer a positive theory of human flourishing, based upon an ideal of non-coercive consensus building. Anarchism has inspired practical efforts at establishing utopian communities, radical and revolutionary political agendas, and various forms of direct action. This entry primarily describes “philosophical anarchism”: it focuses on anarchism as a theoretical idea and not as a form of political activism. While philosophical anarchism describes a skeptical theory of political legitimation, anarchism is also a concept that has been employed in philosophical and literary theory to describe a sort of anti-foundationalism. Philosophical anarchism can mean either a theory of political life that is skeptical of attempts to justify state authority or a philosophical theory that is skeptical of the attempt to assert firm foundations for knowledge.

Keywords: либертарианство, политическая философия, authority, анархизм, pacifism, sovereignty, libertarianism, коммунитаризм, Stirner, Max, political obligation, Nozick, Robert, autonomy: in moral and political philosophy, Feyerabend, Paul, Godwin, William, минархизм