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Hardware powered ultra low latency (HarPULL) brain-state dependent TMS technology
P. 189–195.
The paper introduces a novel hardware-software complex for the low latency real time phase-dependent transcranial
magnetic stimulation (TMS) neurofeedback. The software with key elements implemented on the board of the EEGrecording device accurately tracks the sensorimotor rhythm phase with minimal time-delay and immediately sends the trigger to the TMS-device. An accurate phase estimation is achieved by proper Kalman filter-based state-space modeling of brain rhythm. Our experiments demonstrate the system’s viability and its almost instant reaction on the target brain event occurrence. Our results potentially make neurofeedback, cortical mapping, therapeutic TMS-interventions and other applications more reliable and efficient.
Publication based on the results of:
Mokienko O., Люкманов Р. Х., Bobrov P. et al., Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика 2024 Т. 16 № 5 С. 17–23
Motor imagery training under the control of a brain-computer interface (BCI) facilitates motor recovery after stroke. The efficacy of BCI based on electroencephalography (EEG-BCI) has been confirmed by several meta-analyses, but a more convenient and noise-resistant method of near-infrared spectroscopy in the BCI circuit (NIRS-BCI) has been practically unexamined; comparisons of the two types of ...
Added: March 18, 2026
Mokienko O., Современные технологии в медицине 2025 Т. 17 № 2 С. 73–85
The advancement of novel technologies for the rehabilitation of post-stroke patients represents a significant challenge for a range of interdisciplinary fields. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is an optical neuroimaging technique based on recording local hemodynamic changes at the cerebral cortex level. The technology is typically employed in post-stroke patients for diagnostic purposes, including the assessment of ...
Added: March 18, 2026
Davydova A., Sheronova J., Kosonogov V. et al., Journal of Visualized Experiments 2025 No. 226 Article e67500
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a powerful method for revealing causal links between specific brain regions and cognitive functions. While offline TMS has traditionally dominated cognitive neuroscience research, online repetitive TMS (rTMS) presents undoubted advantages, enabling stimulation concurrent with task performance. Leveraging advancements in this stimulation method, the study introduces a novel online rTMS protocol ...
Added: December 19, 2025
Volodina M., Ossadtchi A., Makarova M. et al., В кн.: Когнитивная наука в Москве: новые исследования. Материалы конференции 25 – 26 июня 2025.: М.: Буки Веди, 2025.
It is known that the motor cortex exhibits increased excitability during the systolic phase of the cardiac cycle (Al et al., 2023). Previous studies have shown that self-observation can enhance interoceptive sensitivity (Ainley et al., 2012). We hypothesized that visual stimuli enhancing bodily awareness could influence the relationship between the phase of the cardiac cycle and ...
Added: September 9, 2025
Makarova M., Некрасова Ю. Ю., Fedosov N. et al., Brain Stimulation 2025 Vol. 18 No. 1 P. 495
Сortico-spinal neuron excitability can be tracked using rhythmic oscillations whose phase plays a pivotal role in assessing the state of the pertinent neural network. Brain’s oscillatory activity can be non-invasively registered with electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG). Using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) contingent upon the parameters of the ongoing brain activity was shown to have numerous applications in both research and clinics. Despite the potential, the described closed-loop ...
Added: September 8, 2025
W. Joseph MacInnes, Zhozhikashvili N., Feurra M., , in: First International Conference, AIiH 2024, Swansea, UK, September 4–6, 2024, Proceedings, Part II. Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare. LNCS, volume 14976Vol. 14976.: Springer, 2024. P. 221–234.
Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) match human performance in many visual tasks like the classification of images, however they may not simulate the underlying biological processes. We implemented a CNN to try replicate results from an object inversion experiment with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS). After training on upright faces, the CNN model went through three stages ...
Added: January 28, 2025
Астафьева Д. С., Власов Я. В., Стрельник А. И. et al., Нервно-мышечные болезни 2023 Т. 13 № 2 С. 20–30
По общемировым данным, нейропатическая боль встречается у 7 % населения и в 57-65 % случаев сопровождается коморбидной депрессией, что, в свою очередь, усугубляет течение болезни и ухудшает качество жизни пациентов. Ритмическая транскраниальная магнитная стимуляция (рТМС) представляет собой неинвазивный нефармакологический метод терапии депрессии, также способный помочь пациентам облегчить восприятие нейропатической боли. Представлен обзор результатов применения протоколов ...
Added: March 6, 2024
Fedosov N., Semenkov I., Aksiotis V. et al., В кн.: Сборник тезисов XXIV съезда физиологического общества им. И. П. Павлова, 11–15 сентября 2023 года.: СПб.: ООО "Издательство ВВМ", 2023. С. 316–316.
Экспериментальные парадигмы современной нейронауки часто подразумевают замкнутый контур взаимодействия с головным мозгом, реализуемый посредством предъявления испытуемому сигнала обратной связи (ОС), отражающего текущую нейрональную активность. Предъявление сигнала ОС может осуществляться как посредством естественных органов чувств, так и при помощи воздействия на мозг с использованием методов прямой кортикальной стимуляции. Как правило в качестве информативного сигнала, отражающего активность ...
Added: December 1, 2023
A. G. Davydova, J. P. Sheronova, V. V. Kosonogov et al., Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology 2023 Vol. 53 No. 2 P. 247–256
The theory of cognitive dissonance (CD) is tightly linked with studies of the process of making complex decisions. In particular, CD is manifest within the framework of the “free choice paradigm” consisting of reassessment of alternatives as a result of choosing between two similar alternatives via the motivation to reduce internal conflict. The mechanisms of ...
Added: April 18, 2023
Vlasov A., Kuzmina L. P., Petraikin A. V. et al., Brain Stimulation 2023 Vol. 16 No. 1 P. 278–278
Our goal was to evaluate genetic and gender differences in motor threshold (MT) using monophasic single pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).
Methods. In this pilot study, we used TMS over dominant primary motor cortex and recorded motor evoked potentials (MEP) from the contralateral which yielded a higher MT than other TMS methods. We applied the monophasic stimulation ...
Added: February 24, 2023
Rossi S., Santarnecchi E., Feurra M., Handbook of Clinical Neurology 2022 Vol. 184 P. 239–247
Recent technological advances in the field of noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) have allowed to interact with endogenous brain oscillatory activity, the main neural communication code of our brain, opening new scenarios for transient modifications of cognitive and behavioral performances: such a possibility can be capitalized both for research purposes in subjects healthy, as well as ...
Added: October 29, 2022
IEEE, 2022.
The theory of cognitive dissonance suggested by Leon Festinger (1957) relies on the psychological observations of the inconsistency between people’s choice and actions and proposes that the conflict between choice and actions causes the internal conflict named cognitive dissonance, which leads to the potential modification of the behavior or attitudes to reduce or eliminate this ...
Added: October 24, 2022
Dobrushina O., Dobrynina L., Arina G. et al., Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 2022 Vol. 16 P. 1–12
Aging is associated with decreased functional connectivity in the main brain networks, which can underlie changes in cognitive and emotional processing. Neurofeedback is a promising non-pharmacological approach for the enhancement of brain connectivity. Previously, we showed that a single session of infra-low frequency neurofeedback results in increased connectivity between sensory processing networks in healthy young ...
Added: June 1, 2022
Aksiotis V., Ossadtchi A., , in: 2021 Third International Conference Neurotechnologies and Neurointerfaces (CNN).: IEEE, 2021. P. 5–7.
The use of Neurofeedback (NFB) as a therapeutic tool remains controversial. Its efficacy is subject to many factors including subject’s motivation, content of the instruction, restingstate amplitude before the training and subject’s ability to concentrate on the task. Here we introduce a novel proactive neurofeedback paradigm and explore its use for training to increase parietal ...
Added: December 9, 2021
Nazarova M., Цивилева В., Иванов Т. et al., European Stroke Journal 2021 Vol. 6 P. 248–248
Background and Aims: The possibility to evoke a motor response
(MEP) in a hand muscle by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a
common proxy of the corticospinal tract integrity after a motor stroke.
However, it is still not clear how many muscles should be studied, and
which muscles are preferable to probe. Here we aimed to investigate
corticospinal excitability in ...
Added: November 1, 2021