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Сущностные силы человека и понятие интенции
The article analyzes the concept of “essential powers” and gives a brief overview of the history of its formation. Particular attention is paid to early Marx’ approach to essential powers problem, which is set out in his “Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844”. It is shown that Marx reveals two most important characteristics in the essential powers, namely directivity and objectivity. The fact that Marx discovers these characteristics and uses such metaphors as “exoteric revelation”, “radiation”, “exhalation” in describing the essential powers gives reason to interpret them as intentions, “intentional threads” that connect a person with the world. The article hypothesize that supplementing the concept of “essential powers” with categories from the phenomenological dictionary will not only contribute to the terminological update of this concept, but will also open new horizons for its theoretical deepening and development.