Развитие дистанционного электронного голосования в России: конституционно-правовой аспект

Журнал российского права. 2022. Т. 26. № 9. С. 35–52.

Larichev A., Ржановский В. А.

Abstract. The article discusses the main regulatory provisions in the field of Remote electronic voting (further — the Remote e-Voting). The legislative changes regarding the procedure for Remote e-Voting, information systems and other Remote e-Voting institutions should be theoretically conceptualized. A specific characteristic of Remote e-Voting is a digital environment during voting. This concerns the drawing up of voter registers, the voting process and the tabulation of results. Special software is used during Remote e-Voting without using a paper ballot, unlike voting at a polling place. Therefore, the Remote e-Voting process is unavailable for ordinary human perception. Thus, the problems of ensuring the secrecy of voting, non-interference in elections and objective tabulation of results become more relevant. Remote e-Voting is one of forms of voting. It must comply with the basic principles of elections. The experience of Remote e-Voting in Russia creates conditions for the development of legal regulation. However, the technical development of the Remote e-Voting is ahead of the legal regulation in this area. The law contains only basic provisions related to Remote e-Voting. The procedure for Remote e-Voting is determined on sub-legislative level. The authors analyze the main legal acts regulating Remote e-Voting, as well as the implementation of constitutional principles of elections regarding the Remote e-Voting in contemporary legal regulation, as well as point on the need for the enhancement of respective norms.

Keywords: правовое регулирование, legal regulation, голосование, voting, technical development, техническое развитие, remote electronic voting, constitutional principles of elections, дистанционное электронное голосование, конституционные принципы проведения выборов