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Проблемы соразмерности наказания в практике органов международного уголовного правосудия
The article is devoted to the problems that arise when judges of international criminal courts and tribunals try to take into account the general legal principle of proportionality when imposing a sentence. The author consistently analyzes the practice of the International Military Tribunals in Nuremberg and Tokyo, ad hoc international criminal tribunals, the International Criminal Court and a number of internationalized (hybrid) courts for the proportionality of their decisions. Particular attention is paid to the regulations governing the system and types of punishments under international criminal law. The article highlights the general patterns that characterize the punitive policy of the international criminal justice authorities. Along the way, the author examines the procedural features that characterize the consideration of criminal cases at the international level. The paper concludes that the relevant "punitive" practices will be humanized while maintaining the tendency to impose long prison sentences up to life imprisonment in cases where crimes are numerous and are committed by superiors.