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The Middle Class in four Russian Regions: Government Policies and Behavioral Strategies
P. 53–62.
This paper represents an initial report on findings fro a study aimed at analyzing several key aspects of middle class development in the Russian regions, namely:
• Federal and regional government programs to stimulate the growth of the middle class (content, tools of implementation, effectiveness);
• Behavioral strategies and economic behavior (consumption patterns, propensity to save, investment) of different sections of Russian middle class;
• Middle class value orientation and political preferences (including preferences for democracy).
The selection of regions for our study was made after consultations with the leading Russian experts on regional problems: Irina Busygina, Leonid Smirniagin, Nikolai Petrov, and Rostislav Turovsky. Their expertise and readiness to help us significantly aided us in choosing our case studies. The criteria we used in selecting regions were the following:
• A relatively high level of urban development (this excludes backward regions);
• Variation in the level of socio-economic development: region-donor versus region-recipient of federal financial assistance;
• Political orientation of the regional government: democratic versus authoritarian.
Keywords: Middle class
In book
Кн. 3. , М.: Издательский дом НИУ ВШЭ, 2012.
Pishnyak A., Khalina N., Nazarbaeva E., Russian Politics 2026 Vol. 11 No. 1 P. 26–63
This article examines the heterogeneity of the middle class in contemporary Russia, focusing on the dimensions of progressiveness and innovativeness. Using survey data from 3,000 urban middle-class respondents, the study develops multidomain indices to measure progressiveness and innovativeness across employment, consumption, financial behavior, and attitudes. Findings reveal that while the Russian middle class is generally ...
Added: March 17, 2026
Asatryan G., Kalpakian J., Public Choice 2022 Vol. 190 No. 1 P. 251–253
The global expansion of the middle class, documented by World Bank data, has been accompanied by arguments that it will demand better governance and democracy in line with Barrington Moore’s observation that “no bourgeoisie, no democracy.” According to Acemoglu and Robinson (2006), “almost all revolutionary movements were led by middle class actors” (p. 39). Samuel ...
Added: September 16, 2024
Pishnyak A., Khalina N., Рогачева А. P., Журнал исследований социальной политики 2023 Т. 21 № 1 С. 121–136
The COVID‑19 pandemic affected the position of broad groups of the popula
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tion. When speaking about risk groups at the beginning of the pandemic, some
experts paid special attention to the middle class, predicting its significant
impoverishment. This work is devoted to assessing the impact of the corona
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virus and related social policy measures on the income and consumption ...
Added: July 20, 2023
Pishnyak A., Khalina N., Population and Economics 2022 Vol. 6 No. 3 P. 80–100
In the modern world, a key skill is the ability to adapt to changing conditions, including mastering new programs, devices, technologies, ways to search for information, and sometimes new professions. With the outbreak of the pandemic – in the context of restrictive measures and transition to remote forms of employment – the problem of adaptation ...
Added: November 9, 2022
Mareeva S., В кн.: Средний класс в современной России. Опыт многолетних исследований.: Весь мир, 2016. Гл. 7 С. 155–176.
В главе представлены результаты анализа норм и ценностей среднего класса, связанных с представлениями его представителей о дальнейшем векторе развития страны. Показано, что представления среднего класса о желаемом будущем России отражают ту картину, которая характерна и для всего населения в целом. Со значительным отрывом лидирует лозунг социальной справедливости, равных прав для всех и сильного государства; далее ...
Added: April 11, 2016
Sofia: Avangard Prima, 2015.
The focus of this book - the middle class of post-Soviet countries ...
Added: February 27, 2016
Tikhonova N., , in: Middle class as a sustainable society: fifteen years later.: Sofia: Avangard Prima, 2015. Ch. 7 P. 121–134.
This article analizes the middle class in Russia ...
Added: February 19, 2016
Sofia: Avangard Prima, 2015.
The book tells about the middle class in different countries - Germany, Great Britain, Finland, Bulgaria, Russia ...
Added: February 19, 2016
Mareeva S., Journal of Economic Sociology 2015 Vol. 3 No. 1 P. 39–54
The paper estimates the share of Russian population that belong to the middle class and analyzes their values, standards, and ideas of the nation’s future vector of development. The analysis is based on nationwide representative polls conducted by the Institute of Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2013–2014. The paper shows that everyday ...
Added: September 22, 2015
Mareeva S., Социологические исследования 2015 № 1 С. 55–63
Data of all-Russian surveys carried out in 2013 and 2014 by the Institute of sociology, Russian academy of sciences permitted to look into norms and values of Russian middle class, its views on the desirable vector of country's development. Values that guide middle class members in their everyday life are of modernized activist kind, a ...
Added: September 9, 2015
Tikhonova N. E., Sotsiologicheskie Issledovaniya 2015 No. 1 P. 44–54
The paper is built on the data of all-Russian surveys carried out in recent few years by the Institute of sociology, Russian academy of sciences focusing on middle class dynamics, its place in the societal structure, its identification features, dominant position in it of the lower middle class layer caused by professional structure of Russia's ...
Added: September 8, 2015
Tikhonova N. E., Социологические исследования 2015 № 1 С. 44–54
The article analizes the caracteristics of identity and consumation of the middle class, its profesional composition and lifestyles ...
Added: July 15, 2015
Gorshkov M., Тихонова Н. Е., Общество и экономика 2014 № 6 С. 13–79
В статье на материалах ряда общероссийских исследований 2003-2014 гг показаны особенности состава и эволюции российского среднего класса, проанализированы его структура и распределение по различным секторам экономики. Рассмотрены особенности уровня и образа жизни, а также моделей потребления представителей среднего класса. ...
Added: February 28, 2015
Shpakovskaya L. L., / Series HUM "Humanities". 2015. No. WP BRP 87/HUM/2015.
The working paper represents a study of motherhood as a specific semantic construct in contemporary Russia. The author analyses the ways in which knowledge about motherhood produces specific maternal experience. The general theoretical framework is the foucauldian concept of discursive power based on knowledge. At the same time, motherhood is viewed as a class differentiated ...
Added: February 20, 2015
Nemirovskaya A., В кн.: Социокультурная модернизация регионов Сибири.: СПб.: Петрополис, 2013. Гл. 7 С. 123–137.
В главе рассматриваеся расслоенияенаселения регионов СФО по материальному признаку, на основе данных Росстата и опросных данных в регионах Сибирского федерального округа. С помощью кластерного анализа выделяются социальные слои, дается оценка размеров и ключевых характеристик среднего класса в сибирских регионах. ...
Added: October 23, 2014
Tikhonova N. E., М.: Новый хронограф, 2014.
The monograph is devoted to analysis of social stratification in Russian society. Models of its social structures constructed within the modern approaches to stratification (neo-Weberian, neo-Marxist, resource-based, ect.) are characterized and compared, and the approaches themselves are summarized as well. Empirical base for the analysis is the data of nationwide sociological researches carried out by ...
Added: May 24, 2014
М.: Издательский дом «Дело» РАНХиГС, 2013.
В книге продолжается обсуждение возможных развилок и вариантов российской социальной политики. Большое внимание уделено в книге проблематике бедности, среднего класса, пенсионной реформы и т.д. ...
Added: February 15, 2014
Tichonova N., Mareyeva S., , in: Handbook on Social Stratification in the BRIC Countries: Change and Perspective.: World Scientific, 2013. Ch. 18 P. 359–377.
This handbook's contributing autors are leading sociologists in the four countries. They fill the gap in existing literature and examine specifically the changes in each society from the perspective of social stratifications. ...
Added: November 21, 2013
World Scientific, 2013.
Along with the fast growing economy, the term «BRICs» was coined to represent the newly emerging countries — Brazil, Russia, India and China. The enhanced economy in these countries has largely improved peoples life; at the same time, it has also strongly influenced the transformation of social structure, norms and values. However, as the worlds ...
Added: November 19, 2013
Matveev S., / Series HUM "Humanities". 2013. No. 36.
This paper reviews the “middle class” concept based on François Guizot’s memoirs. It is presented here as the results of his research and political activities. The author pays much attention to the historical and intellectual context, as well as the concept’s genetic relationship with the preceding and consequent traditions in its development. ...
Added: October 31, 2013
Salmina A., M.: [б.и.], 2012.
Socio-economic development in the Arab world is an important element of global pattern changes in the early 21st century. They show a complex interaction of processes in the masses of the new young "Internet generations" and the elites, and somewhat forgotten gastarbiters. Matrix of kingdoms and republics, oil and non-oil countries make situation more complex ...
Added: March 22, 2013