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"Наш Достоевский": присвоение как саморазрушение
Revue des Etudes Slaves. 2021. Т. 92. № 3-4. С. 485–503.
Dmitriev A. N.
The subject of the article is the changes in the Soviet reputation of Dostoevsky, especially after the death of Stalin and the anniversary of the writer in 1956. Despite the "anti-nihilistic" position of the writer (criticized by Gorky and others), his reputation as a "great master of the word" and world recognition always saved him from being banned. In the 1960s, after the publication of the second edition of Bakhtin's book about Dostoevsky and the author's return to the school curriculum, the negative concept of "Dostoevshchina" was withdrawn from circulation.
At the same time, two main poles of his Soviet interpretation were formed: the liberal (Yuri Karyakin) and the Slavophil-conservative (Vadim Kozhinov). The anniversaries of 1971 and 1981, in fact, finally introduce Dostoevsky into the Soviet canon, and the novel The Demons is positively assessed even by official circles in the context of criticism of leftist terrorism after 1968. As a result, in the course of perestroika, Dostoevsky's legacy acts like a banner of criticism of the "communist experiment" and the results of the Russian revolution.
Keywords: советская идеологияистория литературоведения и литературной критикиanniversaryюбилейные мероприятияSoviet ideologyhistory of literary criticismDostoevsky F. M.Ф. М. Достоевский
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