Дом учености, семена знания, сокровищница науки: риторические образы и социальные метафоры западноевропейских университетских сообществ в XIII–XIV вв.

Одиссей: Человек в истории. 2021. № 29. С. 16–34.

Rusanov A.

The article scrutinizes the ideas about the academic communities typical for the Latin world of the XIII–XIV centuries. The research is focused on the “metaphorical vocabulary” of the academic corporations formed within the framework of the Ars Dictaminis in the XIII–XIV centuries, which was widely used to substantiate the status of university communities. These metaphors significantly supplemented the vague legal concepts that described the academic communities (studium/studium generale, universitas). The most widespread images of higher education—the house of scholarship, the seeds of knowledge, the treasure—had deep roots in the Holy Scriptures, but became widespread thanks to the “exemplary” texts included in rhetorical manuals and summae. With their help, social reality wasinterpreted within the framework of rhetoric as an epistemic system, often overlapping with the spheres of law and theology.

The paper considers these metaphors in the context of their distribution, local political and cultural ties on the example of specific cases of the Iberian universities of Lisbon (founded between 1288 and 1290) and Lleida (founded in 1300).

Keywords: medieval universities, средневековые университеты, социальные метафоры, social metaphors, ars dictaminis, university of Lisbon-Coimbra, university of Lleida, ars dictaminis, Лиссабонский университет, университет Льейды

Publication based on the results of: Erosion of Conventions: Labor Opportunism, Academic Skepticism and Ethical Conflicts in the History of Russian Universities (2021)