Возможности ускорения роста производительности труда: роль малых и средних предприятий

Вопросы экономики. 2020. № 3. С. 98–114.

Bessonova E., Морозов А. Г., Турдыева Н. А., Tsvetkova A.

We study necessary conditions for acceleration of labor productivity growth in Russia. Government programs aimed on economic growth acceleration attribute special attention to small and medium enterprises. Using micro data, as well as aggregate data, we calculate the contribution of small and medium firms into labor productivity growth. We show that mere increase of the number of small and medium enterprises is not as important for positive effects of these programs, as qualitative improvements: development of favorable environment for growth, which is largely determined by business climate.

Accelerating productivity growth involves redistribution of labor and capital from inefficient to efficient enterprises. In particular, it is necessary to create conditions, which allow a firm to grow after it enters the market instead of stagnating as a small firm with low efficiency. At the same time, it is necessary for ineffective firms, which exhausted their growth potential to have an opportunity to exit the market easily leaving resources including labor to fast-growing companies.

Keywords: конкуренция, производительность труда, competition, малые и средние предприятия, labor productivity, small and medium enterprises