Программы повышения финансовой грамотности и финансовое поведение: почему люди не становятся «финансово грамотными»?

Вопросы экономики. 2020. № 9. С. 80–93.

Kislitsyn D.

The paper takes a critical view on the prevalent approaches to developing financial literacy programs. It has been shown that meta-analytical and review studies indicate low efficiency of financial literacy improvement programs: their effect on financial behavior is either statistically insignificant or statistically sig- nificant, but practically negligible. Among potential reasons of financial literacy programs low efficiency are considered the role of behavioral factors in financial decision making and the impossibility of determining “financially literate” behav- ior from the perspective of an outside observer. It is concluded that the currently dominant criteria for assessing financially competent behavior can be characterized either as procedural, within which not the consequences of financial decisions are considered, but how consciously they are taken, or as normative, within which the government differentiates the consumers attitudes into wrong and right. Both groups of criteria are based on a non-economic understanding of rationality.

Keywords: финансовая грамотность, финансовое поведение, rationality, рациональность, финансовое образование, financial behavior, financial education, financial literacy, архитектура выбора потребителей, choice architecture