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Сакральная, религиозная и светская власть на Востоке (к постановке проблемы)
The subject of this article is the correlation of sacred, secular and religious authorities. According to the author’s opinion one of the main differences between traditional East and West is undevidedness of religious and secular authorities in the traditional East. At the same time these categories of authorities became to belong to different sovereigns: religious authority – in the person of Pope, secular authority – in the person of the Emperor/ King. This article considers some rare and special cases of devidedness between secular and religious authorities. The deprivation of power of the Abbasid Sultan caused the decline of the caliphate and the subsequent rebirth of caliph-sultan functions in the person of Osman Empire ruler. As for the devidedness of secular and religious shogun and tenno functions in the XII century, we can say, that this phenomenon is one of the attributes for the development of Japan in the Middle Ages according to the Western way (the other attribute is the Japanese feudalism).