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Динамика восприятия социальных противоречий населением России (2005–2021 гг.)
The aim of the study was to understand how the main contradictions of Russian society look in the perception of the population and to assess the dynamics of this perception in the period from 2005 to 2021.
The methodological basis of the research was dynamic, comparative and correlation analysis. The perception of contradictions was considered to be an element of public consciousness that was important for the consolidation of society.
The main content of the article
Using the data of several all-Russian researches of IS FCTAS RAS for 2005-2021 the article presents the analysis of changes in the attitude of Russians to contradictions of different nature (including those associated with socio-economic inequalities, related to political-administrative relations, and those of socio-cultural or ideological nature). We analyzed groups of contradictions with different types of dynamics of the attitude to them of the representatives of the mass strata of the country's population in the period under consideration.
Results of the research
It is shown that contradictions of economic and political-administrative nature were most sharply perceived by Russians in 2005-2021, and the intergroup tension in the Russian society remained at a high level during all this period. However, with regard to groups within the mass strata of the population, this tension has decreased markedly since 2005, while it has remained (but not increased) for relations between the mass strata of society and its "top". The groups with a special attitude towards contradictions in Russian society were primarily Muscovites and St. Petersburg residents, as well as young people under 25 and citizens who assessed their financial situation as bad. Southern Russia is characterized by a relatively calmer attitude to inter-group contradictions than the rest of the country.
Research Perspectives
By providing insight into "background" perceptions of intergroup contradictions in Russian society and the main tendencies of deviations from this typical picture influenced by various factors on both macro- and microlevels, the study can be used to solve a number of management problems connected with increasing the degree of consolidation of Russian society. In addition, it can be expanded by adding new time points or in-depth analysis at the level of individual regions.
Key words: social contradictions; consolidation; mass consciousness; intergroup conflicts; social tensions