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Эволюция подходов к культурному ландшафту в англо-американской и отечественной географии
Three revolutionary changing approaches to cultural landscape are revealed in the Anglo-American academic tradition. The first – classic one – considers cultural landscape as a material natural landscape transformed by human activity. New cultural and humanistic geography give birth to the second approach focusing on immaterial sense, images and meanings by means of which people symbolically construct cultural landscapes. The third – critical – approach unites the multiplicity of lived social practices and differential human interpretations into the rematerializing cultural landscape. In Russia the similar classical approach is reinterpreted in the Soviet realm into an original definition of a cultural landscape as a material anthropogenic landscape transformed strictly in a productive positive manner. Post-Soviet Russian ‘geohumanities’ produce 3 original approaches to cultural landscape which are close to the definitions of new cultural and humanistic geography.