Иждивение через призму межотраслевых правовых связей: универсальный подход или учет отраслевой специфики?

Журнал российского права. 2024. Т. 28. № 11. С. 111–123.

Guseva T., Низамова Е. А.

The article is devoted to the study of the content of the legal category of “dependency” from the standpoint of intersectoral interaction. Considering dependency as a relationship that develops between the breadwinner and the dependent, the authors characterize the criteria of dependency. The purpose of the study is to identify differences in legislation and law enforcement when establishing the fact of being dependent and developing approaches to overcome them. The authors put forward and tested, using doctrinal positions and relevant judicial practice, the hypothesis of a universal approach to the content of the category of «dependency» in public and private branches of law. It is concluded that dependency in various branches of law is generally qualified uniformly, but private law requires a more flexible (individual) approach to establishing dependency, which is achieved by fixing additional criteria by the legislator, such as disability, kinship, duration of dependent stay, cohabitation. The shortcomings of law enforcement identified as a result of the analysis of judicial practice materials and the proposed ways to solve them will contribute to improving the effectiveness of legal regulation of the phenomenon under consideration and ensuring the rights of an incapacitated dependent.

Keywords: гражданское право, нетрудоспособность, inheritance law, наследственное право, social security law, право социального обеспечения, иждивение, disability, межотраслевые связи, кормилец, civil law, intersectoral relations, dependency, breadwinner, dependant, right to maintenance, иждивенец, право на содержание