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Парадоксы кантовского учения о коренном зле в человеческой природе
The chapter delivers a reconstruction and critical analysis of Kant’s grounding of the notion of the radical evil elaborated in the first chapter of “Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason”. The author focuses on the two correlative aspect of Kant’s argumentation: it’s relation to terminology and key assumptions of the critical corpus and the relation between arguments a priori and a posteriori within it. The author shows that the notion of the moral “nature of man as a “character” which “applies in the species” corresponds to the notion of character as “law
of causality of cause” and to the distinction between intelligible and empirical character from “Critique of pure reason” and that it is due to this distinction that Kant combines arguments a priori and a posteriori in his reflections, so that he
comes to various paradoxes. The author adds to three recognized by Christop Horn (paradoxes of “guilt without beeng guilty”, of “non-temporal deed” and of “universality a posteriori”) the forth one of “temptating law”. By means of analysis of Kant’s formula for the categorical imperative the issue demonstrates that it contains all presuppositions necessary for the concept of radical evil. The end of the chapter clears the relation between Kant’s theory of radical evil, his concept of the highest good and his practical postulate of the existence of God.
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