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Ресурсный подход в психологии религии
The article critically examines the dimensional-dispositional approach in the psychology of religion, which treats religiosity as an invariant psychological trait. The author highlights its limitations: the eclectic nature of the concept of religiosity, the cultural specificity of measurement tools, and the inability to reconstruct the dynamic organization of a believer's personality. As an alternative, a resource approach is proposed, viewing religious faith as a functional internal resource of human functioning - termed the "religious resource." This resource is formed through the conceptualization of religious experience, a process in which the image of God is linked to practical utility in solving life tasks. Various forms of this connection are identified: manipulative, reward-based, collaborative, substitutional, and others. It is emphasized that the resource function of religion is realized only through personal experience of the supernatural, not through formal religious affiliation. The properties of the religious resource (universality, additivity, low threshold of access, etc.) and the conditions for effective access to it are described. The formation of the resource is understood as the mastery of religious symbolic tools through both ritual and non-ritual activities, mediated by personal experience and meaning transformation. This approach enables a deeper understanding of the psychological mechanisms underlying religiously motivated behavior.
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