Rhodium Catalysts Based on Phenyl Substituted Cp Ligands for Indole Synthesis via Oxidative Coupling of Acetanilides and Alkynes

Kharitonov V.; Muratov D.; Rodionov A.; Nelyubina Y.; Navasardyan M.; Nechaev M.; D. A. Loginov

doi:10.1002/adsc.202400716

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Rhodium Catalysts Based on Phenyl Substituted Cp Ligands for Indole Synthesis via Oxidative Coupling of Acetanilides and Alkynes

Advanced Synthesis and Catalysis. 2024. Vol. 366. No. 22. P. 4729–4736.

Kharitonov V., Muratov D., Rodionov A., Nelyubina Y., Navasardyan M., Nechaev M., Loginov D. A.

Rhodium-catalyzed oxidative coupling of acetanilides and alkynes via C􀀀 H activation is the most powerful synthetic tool for producing the indole motif from commercially available precursors. However, this reaction usually requires large catalyst loadings (5 mol% of rhodium). In this study, a 1,2-diphenylcyclopentadienyl ligand-based catalyst was developed that works well at 1 mol% loading of rhodium. DFT calculations of the C-H activation step provided insight into its high catalytic activity. The catalyst efficiency was also demonstrated in the synthesis of naturally occurring isocoumarins, such as polygonolide, tubakialactone B and penicimarine F. The developed catalytic protocols tolerate a wide range of functional groups, for example, halide, nitro, hydroxy, and alkoxy.

Research target: Chemistry

Language: English

DOI

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Keywords: C-H activation Homogeneous catalysis Isocoumarins Annulation Indoles

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Сyclocondensation of phenyl, ortho-bromophenyl, para-phenylphenyl, para-methoxycarbonylphenyl, para-tolyl and para-methoxyphenyl boronic acid with curcumin in the presence of K3PO4 upon refluxing in 1,4-dioxane for 24 h leads to the formation of curcumin-based 2,2-diaryl-1,3,2-dioxaborines in good yields. The absorption-emission spectra of the synthesized fluorescent conjugates and 1,3,2-dioxaborine with para-biphenyl boronic substituent demonstrated the highest quantum yield. Among the compounds studied, conjugate curcumin with para-methoxycarbonylphenyl boronic substituent ...

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Chemical Papers 2026

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Two new supramolecular halometalate hybrid complexes, (H2bpen){[MCl5](I2)} (M = Sb(III) (1) and Bi(III) (2); bpen – 1,2-Bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene, have been prepared. Despite very close similarity of the nature of cations, they reveal significant structural difference from the (H2bpe){[MCl5](I2)} (bpe – 1,2-bis(4-pyridil)ethane) reported earlier. We discuss these features, along with thermal stability, optical properties as well as Raman spectra ...

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Data-driven discovery of sodium-ion cathodes is often limited by small data sets and the poor interpretability of graph neural networks (GNNs). Here, we developed Symbol_ETR, an interpretable framework combining symbolic regression with ensemble learning. By constructing explicit nonlinear descriptors, symbolic regression extra trees regression (Symbol_ETR) achieves a test R2 of 0.90 for average voltage prediction ...

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Four new complexes [Ln(pfaa)3(H2O)2]n (Ln = Eu (1), Tb (2)) and [Ln2Cd2(pfaa)10 (phen)2(EtOH)2]·2MeCN (Ln = Eu (3), Tb (4), phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) based on pentaphorphenylacetic acid (Hpfaa) have been prepared and completely investigated. The structures of compounds 1 and 3 were studied by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis: the isostructural complexes 1 and 2 represent ...

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Mazur D., Petr E. Brandyshev, Doronin S. et al., Electrochimica Acta 2026 Vol. 577 Article 149729

The electric double layer (EDL) at a single-crystal metal surface is controlled not only by the electrolyte composition and the electrode potential, but also by the atomic structure of the surface itself. This makes the Ag(hkl)/NaF interface a stringent test for continuum theories of the EDL. In the third part of our series, we examine ...

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A self-consistent statistical-mechanical theory of the Hall effect in electrolyte solutions is developed by extending the self-consistent Debye–Hückel–Onsager (SCDHO) framework to crossed electric and magnetic fields. The theory incorporates non-local ionic charge distributions via Slater-type form factors, regularizing the Coulomb interaction at short range, and accounts for dielectric friction through ion-specific coefficients, employing experimental values ...

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Obijiofor O., Alexander S. Novikov, New Journal of Chemistry 2026 Vol. 50 No. 33 P. 13931–13957

The rational design of coinage metal nanocarriers requires a mechanistic understanding of metal-drug binding and predictive descriptors that translate molecular interactions into design rules. Using DFT (B3LYP-D3BJ/def2-TZVP, SMD water), we systematically investigated the binding of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and levodopa (l-DOPA) to neutral and cationic homo- and heteronuclear dimers of Au, Ag, and Cu (Au2, Ag2, ...

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Korogod D., Shapeev A., Ivan S. Novikov, Physical Review B: Condensed Matter and Materials Physics 2026 Vol. 114 No. 2 Article 024104

We present two models with explicit long-range electrostatics in the form of Coulomb interactions. Both models include point charges depending on their local atomic environments, and the second model also conserves a total charge of an atomic system. We combine the proposed long-range models with the local moment tensor potential (MTP) and demonstrate that they ...

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A wide series of substitutions in a subsystem of small radii cations M = Al, Cr, Fe, Ga, Sc is possible in rare-earth borates ReM3(BO3)4 with the huntite structure. However, the existence of these compounds where M = Mn still raises doubts. The study presents a synthetic approach developed in the framework of the flux method allowing for the required ...

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Density functional theory (DFT) is the workhorse of modern reactions and materials modeling. While the exact functional remains unknown, many approximations to it have been constructed either by hand-crafting functional forms to satisfy exact constraints or by machine learning. In this work, we show how both of these approaches can be fused to build both ...

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The readily available tetraphenylcyclopentadienyl rhodium complex [CpPh4RhCl2]2 effectively catalyzes the annulation of aryl hydroxamates with terminal alkenes to selectively form 4-substituted dihydroisoquinolones. The ligand volume has a crucial influence on the selectivity and efficiency of the reaction. The use of the overloaded pentaphenylcyclopentadienyl ligand CpPh5 or its less bulky pentabenzyl analog CpBn5 resulted in a dramatic decrease in ...

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Added: November 23, 2023

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