Влияние искусственного интеллекта на структуру и содержание вакансий на российском рынке труда

Вопросы экономики. 2025. № 1. С. 71–91.

Skorobogatov A., Свиридов О. И.

The paper studies the association between the artificial intelligence (AI) and employment characteristics. As a theoretical framework, we use the Acemoglu et al. model, which introduces opposing effects of the AI algorithms on labor employment on the firm level such as substitution effect and complimentary/ productivity effects. Depending on their relative strength, the AI algorithms may both decrease and increase employment. The overall effect is estimated using the data on 3.5 million of vacancies for about 35 thousand firms published up to 2022 spring on the HeadHunter website. According to the results, the existence of tasks realizable using AI is consistent with a higher AI employment, which implies the substitution effect. The other, less intuitive, result is that the same tasks suggest a higher non-AI employment, supports complimentary/productivity effects. The overall employment effect is positive as follows from the positive AI tasks—total employment association.

Keywords: искусственный интеллект, автоматизация, внутренний рынок труда, algorithms, алгоритмы, labor markets, automatization, artificial intelligence, Headhunter

Publication based on the results of: Nature in the optics of digital culture: paradoxes, hybrids, phantasms (2024)