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«Псевдозападная архитектура» гиё:фу: кэнтику в контексте культурной политики эпохи Мэйдзи: к проблеме периодизации
In the Meiji era (1868–1912) Japanese society began actively studying and mastering Western technologies, including building construction. Along with the invited architects, local car- penters also began to build in new Western-style forms. Buildings that imitated Western Eu- ropean but were built by Japanese carpenters from wood and using traditional technologies were named giyōfū kenchiku (“pseudo-Western-style architecture”). This style was gradually spreading throughout the country. However, approximately from the end of the 1880s, the excitement around it subsides, although construction, especially in the provinces, does not stop. Even though a large number of giyōfū kenchiku buildings have survived, the period in which such a transition occurs is difficult to frame. As modern historiography doesn’t provide unquestionable periodization of the development of giyōfū architecture, this study aims to clarify this matter by means of corresponding building typology to chronological and geo- graphical characteristics of the construction development. We assume that such clarification of periodization will be useful for better understanding of the evolution of architecture in pseudo-Western-style in the context of the processes of perception and absorption of novel- ties in the Meiji period, and permits to characterize more accurately the role of giyōfū kenchiku for the further development of Japanese architecture.
