Sketch of history of mathematics in Nizhny Novgorod
In his reasoning concerning the relationship between surface or visible superficies (understood as the boundary or the limit of a body) and color (De sensu 439a19–b17), Aristotle asserts that the Pythagoreans called the surface (ἐπιφάνεια) color (χροιά), i.e. that they made no terminological difference between the former and the latter. In the scholarship on early Pythagoreans, this passage has been usually used as an indirect proof for the inaccuracy of attribution to the early Pythagoreans (1) of the abstract notion of surface (as found in Plato and Euclid), and thereby (2) of various forms of “derivation theory”. We argue that the colour-surface-limit doctrine has great significance for the understanding of the early Pythagorean concept of a number, since they articulated it, in various ways, precisely through the notion of a limit.
Materials for the International Conference Analytical and Computational Methods in Probability Theory and its Applications (ACMPT-2017)
The scientific publication presents the materials of the International Scientific Conference "Analytical and Computational Methods in Probability Theory and Its Applications" in the following main areas:
- Analytical methods in probability theory and its applications;
- Computational methods in probability theory and its applications;
- Asymptotic methods in analysis;
- History of Mathematics
The collection is intended for scientists and specialists in the field of probability theory and its applications.
ISBN 978-5-209-08291-0
We develop the basic constructions of homological algebra in the (appropriately defined) unbounded derived categories of modules over algebras over coalgebras over noncommutative rings (which we call semialgebras over corings). We define double-sided derived functors SemiTor and SemiExt of the functors of semitensor product and semihomomorphisms, and construct an equivalence between the exotic derived categories of semimodules and semicontramodules. Certain (co)flatness and/or (co)projectivity conditions have to be imposed on the coring and semialgebra to make the module categories abelian (and the cotensor product associative). Besides, for a number of technical reasons we mostly have to assume that the basic ring has a finite homological dimension (no such assumptions about the coring and semialgebra are made). In the final chapters we construct model category structures on the categories of complexes of semi(contra)modules, and develop relative nonhomogeneous Koszul duality theory for filtered semialgebras and quasi-differential corings. Our motivating examples come from the semi-infinite cohomology theory. Comparison with the semi-infinite (co)homology of Tate Lie algebras and graded associative algebras is established in appendices; an application to the correspondence between Tate Harish-Chandra modules with complementary central charges is worked out; and the semi-infinite homology of a locally compact topological group relative to an open profinite subgroup is defined.
The description of algebraic structure of n-fold loop spaces can be done either using the formalism of topological operads, or using variations of Segal’s Γ-spaces. The formalism of topological operads generalises well to different categories yielding such notions as (Formula presented.)-algebras in chain complexes, while the Γ-space approach faces difficulties. In this paper we discuss how, by attempting to extend the Segal approach to arbitrary categoires, one arrives to the problem of understanding “weak” sections of a homotopical Grothendieck fibration. We propose a model for such sections, called derived sections, and study the behaviour of homotopical categories of derived sections under the base change functors. The technology developed for the base-change situation is then applied to a specific class of “resolution” base functors, which are inspired by cellular decompositions of classifying spaces. For resolutions, we prove that the inverse image functor on derived sections is homotopically full and faithful.
The significance of the education in the field of philosophy of mathematics as the part of both philosohpy and mathematics at the universities is the subject of the article.