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Middle-class Russians are more likely to reduce spending on the development of their own human capital and prioritize investing in their children instead, particularly when it comes to their children’s education. This is evidenced by a study conducted by the Centre for Studies of Income and Living Standards of HSE University.
Researchers Yulia Chilipenok, Olga Gaponova, Nadezhda Gaponova and Lyubov Danilova of HSE – Nizhny Novgorod looked at how the lockdown has impacted Russian women during the COVID-19 pandemic. They studied the following questions: how women divided their time; how they worked from home; how they got on with their partners and children; and how they dropped old habits and started new ones in relation to nutrition, health, beauty, and self-development.
The idea for the project, which studies the crisis experience, was born at HSE University’s Faculty of World Economy and International Affairs last spring, when it became clear that the pandemic and lockdown had given rise to a new systemic crisis, based on numerous contradictions that have accumulated in the world over the past decades. The results of the scientific Lessons from the Crises of the Past project have been presented to the portal's news service by Igor Makarov, Head of HSE University’s School of World Economy.
Лукьянова Е. А. Конституционное и муниципальное право. 2013. № 4. С. 16-21.
The author of the article notes that at present the civil conscience is in a transformation period: not only a public demand to the state changes considerably in Russia, the attitude of the population towards the nature, purpose and place of the state in the society undergoes material changes.
Владимир Александрович Сивицкий, Антон Олегович Лебедев В кн.: Актуальные проблемы правового регулирования экономической деятельности в России и Китае. СПб.: Издательство Политехнического университета, 2012. С. 171-296.
Smirnova M., Thornhill C. Comparative Sociology. 2016. Vol. 15. P. 747-793.
This article offers a nuanced alternative to widespread accounts of the
Russian polity as a fully authoritarian political system. First, it explains how
the Russian political system has evolved a range of distinctive
accountability structures, which are increasingly subject to constitutional
protection. Second, it argues that the Russian constitution is in a process
of functional evolution, which intensifies the standards of accountability
that it imposes on the government.
To develop these ideas, the article argues that the Russian constitution is
most accurately observed if we adopt secondary constitutionalization as an
analytical legal-sociological paradigm: that is, if we observe the
constitution as a sui-generis legal order, produced through relatively
contingent societal processes, which affect the legal order of government in
often unintended ways. These processes have the result that judicial bodies
possess extensive norm-setting autonomy, and they impose a distinctive
constitutional order on the state. This constitutional order is produced
through (a): the increasing impact of international law; (b) the growing
power of the courts in high politics; (c) the rising force of administrative
litigation; (d) new patterns of legal argument. As a result, although
constitutional provisions for political accountability remain weak in Russia,
provisions for legal accountability are surprisingly strong.