Book chapter
Сенсомоторные стереотипы в языке: данные патологии речи
51st Academy of Aphasia Proceedings
According to the theory of dynamic and systemic organization of higher cortical functions (Luria, 2002), spatial impairments show themselves not only in perception (visual or tactile), but also in understanding of certain sentence types – the so-called ’logical-grammatical constructions‘. Testing these constructions is traditionally included in the neuropsychological diagnosis of semantic aphasia (Tsvetkova et al., 1981). The aim of this study was to design and standardize an enhanced diagnostic test, which would allow to more precisely detect the severity and the character of speech disorders in patients with semantic aphasia.
The present study employed the visual-world paradigm with eyetracking to discriminate between two versions of the reordered access model - namely, whether meaning frequency and context affect (a) speed of lexical access or (b) the relative weight of simultaneously accessed meanings. The time course of lexical access and meaning integration were studied in 3 groups of Russian speaking participants: 36 individuals in control group as well as 16 individuals with non-fluent and 8 with fluent aphasia. The results allow to confirm psychological reality of the first version, since in balanced ambiguous words contextual bias influences the speed of lexical access. In addition, it was found that healthy population and participants with non-fluent aphasia are affected by the contextual bias even after processing information that resolves ambiguity.