Book chapter
Простор, безопасность и радость для тебя и твоей семьи!
This paper examines correlations between the genetic characteristics of human populations and their aggregate levels of tolerance and happiness. A metadata analysis of genetic polymorphisms supports the interpretation that a major cause of the systematic clustering of genetic characteristics may be climatic conditions linked with relatively high or low levels of parasite vulnerability. This led vulnerable populations to develop gene pools conducive to avoidance of strangers, while less-vulnerable populations developed gene pools linked with lower levels of avoidance. This, in turn, helped shape distinctive cultures and subsequent economic development. Survey evidence from 48 countries included in the World Values Survey suggests that a combination of cultural, economic and genetic factors has made some societies more tolerant of outsiders and more predisposed to accept gender equality than others. These relatively tolerant societies also tend to be happier, partly because tolerance creates a less stressful social environment. Though economic development tends to make all societies more tolerant and open to gender equality and even somewhat happier, these findings suggest that cross-national differences in how readily these changes are accepted, may reflect genetically-linked cultural differences.
The philosophical and psychological views on the problem of happiness since Aristotle to our days are summarized. Building on both philosophical discussions and recent data of sociological and psychological research, the author reveals two qualitatively distinct phenomena behind the common word “happiness”, that have different attributes and regularities. The firs one is the experience of subjective well-being that is directly associated with the basic needs gratification, while the second one is the experience of enjoyment as the experience of being engaged in some personally meaningful activity or close relationships.
On the 28th July, His Revered Majesty, the King of Bhutan issued a Royal Edict to formally convene an International Expert Working Group and its Steering Committee, with members appointed individually. The outcomes and results of the Working Group were to be presented to the United Nations during the 68th and 69th Sessions of the Generally Assembly in 2013 and 2014. The current report submitted to the 68th Session of the General Assembly in 2013 has been prepared by the Working Group on Happiness and Wellbeing, with the second report due to be submitted to the 69th Session of the General Assembly in 2014. The current report includes thorough literature reviews and examinations of existing best practices, to achieve a clear understanding on the actual, practical workings of the new paradigm and to provide practical suggestions on possible policies that can be put in place by governments around the world.
The bulletin presents the results of two surveys conducted in 2013 as part of the Monitoring the economics of education: parents of pupils attending extra classes and parents of children enrolled in institutions of further education. We consider the expectations of parents regarding the results of the pre-additional education, their satisfaction with the services they receive, the cost to families for additional education of children. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the scale and nature of children's involvement in further education, including differences due to the age of children, education, financial security and the residence of families.
The notions of happiness and trust as cements of the social fabric and political legitimacy have a long history in Western political thought. However, despite the great contemporary relevance of both subject, and burgeoning literatures in the social sciences around them, historians and historians of thought have, with some exceptions, unduly neglected them. In Trust and Happiness in the History of European Political Thought, editors Laszlo Kontler and Mark Somos bring together twenty scholars from different generations and academic traditions to redress this lacuna by contextualising historically the discussion of these two notions from ancient Greece to Soviet Russia. Confronting this legacy and deep reservoir of thought will serve as a tool of optimising the terms of current debates.