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Индекс экономического настроения (Индекс ВШЭ) в IV квартале 2011 г.
The objective of this paper is to examine the internal and external factors of product and organizational innovations, and specifically to discuss the role of the business environment and administrative corruption as barriers of intra-firm innovations in transitional economies. The analysis was based on data from Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey of the EBRD and the World Bank conducted in 2009. Consistent correlations between product innovations and both high administrative obstacles and the growth of corruption costs were revealed. On the contrary, organizational innovations were largely not correlated with the respondents’ assessments of business climate.
Smoking is a problem, bringing signifi cant social and economic costs to Russiansociety. However, ratifi cation of the World health organization Framework conventionon tobacco control makes it possible to improve Russian legislation accordingto the international standards. So, I describe some measures that should be taken bythe Russian authorities in the nearest future, and I examine their effi ciency. By studyingthe international evidence I analyze the impact of the smoke-free areas, advertisementand sponsorship bans, tax increases, etc. on the prevalence of smoking, cigaretteconsumption and some other indicators. I also investigate the obstacles confrontingthe Russian authorities when they introduce new policy measures and the public attitudetowards these measures. I conclude that there is a number of easy-to-implementanti-smoking activities that need no fi nancial resources but only a political will.
One of the most important indicators of company's success is the increase of its value. The article investigates traditional methods of company's value assessment and the evidence that the application of these methods is incorrect in the new stage of economy. So it is necessary to create a new method of valuation based on the new main sources of company's success that is its intellectual capital.