Book
Социологический ежегодник 2018
The paper deals with the problem of migration of urban intelligentsia to countryside and production of localities there. Social changes in post-soviet rural space have complex, comprehensive character. Russian intelligentsia is one of the key agents of these changes and transformations. It creates a new forms of locality, which supplements and in some ways opposes the currently existing ones. The main goal of the article is to find appropriate theoretical frameworks to understand and study empirically these processes. The main focus is maid on theoretical heritage of A.Lefebre, A.Appadurai and M.Auge. The paper deals with the problem of migration of urban intelligentsia to countryside and production of localities there. Social changes in post-soviet rural space have complex, comprehensive character. Russian intelligentsia is one of the key agents of these changes and transformations. It creates a new forms of locality, which supplements and in some ways opposes the currently existing ones. The main goal of the article is to find appropriate theoretical frameworks to understand and study empirically these processes. The main focus is maid on theoretical heritage of A.Lefebre, A.Appadurai and M.Auge.
The article discusses the prospects of joint research of sociologists and socio-biologists on the evolution of morality and altruism. Sociologists compare morality and altruism in human society with that in animals behavior can be seen as manifestations of empathy and althruim and of co-existence rules in groups of animals of each biological species. The authors present the current understanding of the evolutionary prehistory of human social behavior. A significant challenge for cooperation activities of sociologists and sociobiologists is the rapid progress of the natural sciences. Discoveries and findings in biology and biologists models often lead to simplistic conclusions, and at the same time the works of sociologists, in which they try to use these innovations, often turns untenable. It is therefore necessary to continue the search for the directions and mechanisms of integration of sociological and sociobiological approaches to such complex phenomena as morality and altruism.
The article discusses general and specific problems of integration methods of the social and natural sciences, in particular sociobiology, evolutionary psychology and sociology methods in the study of emotions. The author argues that the emotion research, first of all moral emotions from the perspective of the evolutionary approach, can serve as a sort of "point", in which it is possible to combine methodological tools of sociology, sociobiology, evolutionary psychology and partly neuropsychophysiology to study complex social phenomena as morality and altruism, as well as various kinds of behavior associated with them. The paper discusses the theoretical and methodological aspects of the study of emotions in this way.
The article is focused upon slow reading, its inner structure and its historical fate in context of late modernity. The slow reading is placed into the flow of life activity as a practice incorporated into it and treated as ongoing action aimed at achieving the understanding which includes reconstruction and appropriation of text and context. Various contextual properties and aspects of this practice are considered through such cases as reading scientific and scholarly texts, translating, reading sacred texts, poetry and news. Then contemporary decline of slow reading is discussed in perspective of ecology of occupations and inscribed into general trend of displacement of slow ways of doing by fast ways, connected with domination and expansion of capitalist rationality and ever-increasing advance of capitalist modes of time use in all areas of human life activity.
The book is concluded with two essays on distinctive features of young adults and challenges faced by the universities in the education of millennials.
In the article were considered the social conditions of appearance and formation of sociology in China. It is shown that the beginning of the institutionalization of sociology in China was associated with a pragmatic interest - recognition of the importance of sociology in Europe and Japan and attempts to use this experience on Chinese soil. The emergence of sociological science in China coincides with a period of deep economic and political crisis caused by the defeat in the late XIX century wars. Other factors in the development of sociology in China include the translation activities of Chinese enlighteners and scholars (such as Kang Yuwei, Yan Fu, Zhang Binlin, Liang Qichang), the activities of mission scientists, the training of Chinese students and post-graduate students in sociology at foreign universities. By the beginning of the 1930s, appeared the Chinese sociological society, were published the first journals. The experience of development and achievements of American sociology was significant not only for theoretical sociology, but also for the development of Chinese applied sociology. The article analyzes the process of the formation of Chinese sociology in the period of the Cultural Revolution, coupled with a series of ups and downs, till the complete prohibition of this science in China. Her revival began only in the late 70's because of the consolidation of the efforts of the scientific community, youth, representatives of state power. Modern Chinese sociology is a fully institutionalized science, having its own branches, departments and faculties in Chinese universities, scientific publications (primarily journals), scientific conferences, congresses, etc. Among the priority topics of the study in Chinese sociology are labor issues in small towns, issues of family and marriage relations, social transformation and modernization of society, the problems of life in the countryside and others. In present article for the first time were used the original sources (in Chinese) about the formation and development of sociology in China, were shown new authors whose works are devoted to the study of the formation of Chinese sociology.
The paper reflects upon the relevance of Weber's sociology in the 21st century. In the first part importance of his sociology is explained by referring to the idea of a state that is now returning back into the political and social realm. The second part overviews the contributions to the special issue dedicated to the intellectual legacy of Max Weber.