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Мутации SARS-CoV-2 приводят к снижению числа регионов связывания с микроРНК ткани лёгких
RNA interference in vertebrates acts as an antiviral mechanism only in undifferentiated embryonic stem cells and mediates through microRNAs. In somatic cells, microRNA host cells also bind to the genomes of RNA viruses, regulating their translation and replication. It has been shown that (+)RNA viruses are able to evolve under the influence of host cell miRNAs. In more than two years of the pandemic, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has mutated significantly. It is possible that some of the mutations could be fixed in the virus genome under the influence of alveocyte miRNAs. In this study it was demonstrated that microRNAs in human lung tissue exert evolutionary pressure on the SARS-CoV-2 genome. Moreover, a significant number of binding sites of microRNA host cells with the virus genome falls on the NSP3-NSP5 region responsible for autoproteolysis of viral polypeptides.